Artificial breeding of turtles has started. According to the author's experience, the artificial hatching technology of turtle seedlings should mainly grasp the following points:
1 Select sand disinfection turtle seedlings have three elements of temperature, humidity and ventilation. The thickness of the selected sand is related to the humidity and ventilation conditions of the hatchery. If the sand is too thick, although the sand environment (oxygen) contact with the eggs is good, but the water retention is poor, and the proper humidity of the sand cannot be maintained for a long time, the moisture in the eggs will evaporate easily, affecting the hatching rate; if the sand is too thin, although the water Good sex, but poor ventilation, easy to compact, resulting in the death of eggs closed to oxygen. Practice has shown that the use of sand with a particle size of 0.6-1 mm (greater than the hatching eggs) is ideal. After the sand is selected, it is necessary to disinfect it by placing the screened sand in a basin or a bucket, adding fresh water, stirring, and washing out the muddy water. Repeatedly, the sand is washed away. Put the clean sand into 15mg/L malachite green or 20mg/L bleach solution for one day to sterilize. Then filter out the sand, rinsing with cold boiled water (or tap water) to remove the contained medicine, dry it for use. However, the washed sand can be directly spread and used after exposure for 2-3 days. This method is relatively simple. In addition, containers used for hatching should also be washed and disinfected before use.
2 Fill the eggs with ovulation and chill them with cold water to equilibrate spare sand to the proper moisture content for ovulation. The sand moisture content is about 10%. The simplest and safest soil standard for checking whether the water content is reasonable is to hold a well-tuned sand mass. After the sand falls naturally, the sand group spreads, and even holds the sand as a mass, letting loose. Prove that the humidity is suitable and can be used, otherwise it must be reconditioned. Sand containers can be large or small, easy to operate. The scaled incubation is like the hatching of a cockroach, and can be placed on a multi-layer incubator. The well-selected fertilized egg white areas are placed horizontally on the sand surface with a fingertip width of approximately one finger. After the eggs were produced, they were milky white, opaque, elliptical in shape like olives, and there was a clear white area with fertilized eggs in the middle section and no fertilized eggs in the middle section. Accurate selection of fertilized eggs is a prerequisite for ensuring hatchability. Egg discharge is generally one layer for easy management. After the eggs are laid, cover the eggs with a layer of sand with the same humidity. The thickness is 3-5 cm higher than the surface of the eggs (the thickness of the lower layer of eggs is 8-10 cm). Ovulation should pay attention to: First, the white area of ​​the egg must face upward, otherwise affecting the embryonic development and hatching; Second, the eggs in batches of different times, should be marked separately for observation and management; Third, such as Incubate with a wooden box, along the periphery is easy to dry, not close enough when ovulating.
3 The optimal temperature for controlled temperature and humidity incubation is 30°C. For large-scale hatching, there should be a dedicated hatching room, and it can be manually controlled to maintain the optimum temperature; if it is a small amount of hatching, it should also keep the temperature not lower than 28°C as much as possible, and it should be relatively constant, and it cannot affect the hatching. rate. The maximum temperature limit must not exceed 35°C. In the hatchery management, in addition to controlling the appropriate temperature, it is also necessary to control the proper moisture content of sand. High temperatures, rapid evaporation of water, such as sand is still wet, can not sprinkle water; if the sand near the egg is dry and even white, you can use hand cold water or sprayer to spray the water evenly on the sand surface, a few minutes later, stir the surface sand , To make the humidity even and prevent the build-up from affecting ventilation. However, sprinkler must not be too much. The inspection standards and methods are as described above.
4 Seedling temperature 30 °C, 7 days, the white area of ​​the egg extends to both ends, the total length of the white area accounts for about one-half of the length of the egg; about 20 days, the total length of the white area is up to three-fifths of the egg; 30 days, the whole The egg is white, and the white and non-white areas are indistinguishable; the bottom of the egg is slightly reddish-black; on the 40th day, the middle of the egg begins to soften and expand; 60-65 days, the seedling emerges. When the young hatchlings are hatched, the hatchlings remain in their shells for 1-2 days, and they will not climb out immediately. At this time, it is not possible to force artificial shelling to emerge, otherwise the survival rate will be affected. If the temperature is 32-33°C, sprouting will occur around 55 days. Before emergence, a large flat bottom container should be buried in the sand of the hatchery container. The upper mouth edge should be flat or slightly lower than the sand surface, and the small container should be filled with water 2-3 cm deep to allow the small turtle seedlings to climb out of the shell. Retreat to one of them and catch it again. If it is a multi-layer hatchery, the hatching box that will emerge is moved to the lowest level. There is a pool on the ground with a water depth of 2-4 cm. The hatchlings hatched in the box fall into the pool. Then collect the seedlings.
1 Select sand disinfection turtle seedlings have three elements of temperature, humidity and ventilation. The thickness of the selected sand is related to the humidity and ventilation conditions of the hatchery. If the sand is too thick, although the sand environment (oxygen) contact with the eggs is good, but the water retention is poor, and the proper humidity of the sand cannot be maintained for a long time, the moisture in the eggs will evaporate easily, affecting the hatching rate; if the sand is too thin, although the water Good sex, but poor ventilation, easy to compact, resulting in the death of eggs closed to oxygen. Practice has shown that the use of sand with a particle size of 0.6-1 mm (greater than the hatching eggs) is ideal. After the sand is selected, it is necessary to disinfect it by placing the screened sand in a basin or a bucket, adding fresh water, stirring, and washing out the muddy water. Repeatedly, the sand is washed away. Put the clean sand into 15mg/L malachite green or 20mg/L bleach solution for one day to sterilize. Then filter out the sand, rinsing with cold boiled water (or tap water) to remove the contained medicine, dry it for use. However, the washed sand can be directly spread and used after exposure for 2-3 days. This method is relatively simple. In addition, containers used for hatching should also be washed and disinfected before use.
2 Fill the eggs with ovulation and chill them with cold water to equilibrate spare sand to the proper moisture content for ovulation. The sand moisture content is about 10%. The simplest and safest soil standard for checking whether the water content is reasonable is to hold a well-tuned sand mass. After the sand falls naturally, the sand group spreads, and even holds the sand as a mass, letting loose. Prove that the humidity is suitable and can be used, otherwise it must be reconditioned. Sand containers can be large or small, easy to operate. The scaled incubation is like the hatching of a cockroach, and can be placed on a multi-layer incubator. The well-selected fertilized egg white areas are placed horizontally on the sand surface with a fingertip width of approximately one finger. After the eggs were produced, they were milky white, opaque, elliptical in shape like olives, and there was a clear white area with fertilized eggs in the middle section and no fertilized eggs in the middle section. Accurate selection of fertilized eggs is a prerequisite for ensuring hatchability. Egg discharge is generally one layer for easy management. After the eggs are laid, cover the eggs with a layer of sand with the same humidity. The thickness is 3-5 cm higher than the surface of the eggs (the thickness of the lower layer of eggs is 8-10 cm). Ovulation should pay attention to: First, the white area of ​​the egg must face upward, otherwise affecting the embryonic development and hatching; Second, the eggs in batches of different times, should be marked separately for observation and management; Third, such as Incubate with a wooden box, along the periphery is easy to dry, not close enough when ovulating.
3 The optimal temperature for controlled temperature and humidity incubation is 30°C. For large-scale hatching, there should be a dedicated hatching room, and it can be manually controlled to maintain the optimum temperature; if it is a small amount of hatching, it should also keep the temperature not lower than 28°C as much as possible, and it should be relatively constant, and it cannot affect the hatching. rate. The maximum temperature limit must not exceed 35°C. In the hatchery management, in addition to controlling the appropriate temperature, it is also necessary to control the proper moisture content of sand. High temperatures, rapid evaporation of water, such as sand is still wet, can not sprinkle water; if the sand near the egg is dry and even white, you can use hand cold water or sprayer to spray the water evenly on the sand surface, a few minutes later, stir the surface sand , To make the humidity even and prevent the build-up from affecting ventilation. However, sprinkler must not be too much. The inspection standards and methods are as described above.
4 Seedling temperature 30 °C, 7 days, the white area of ​​the egg extends to both ends, the total length of the white area accounts for about one-half of the length of the egg; about 20 days, the total length of the white area is up to three-fifths of the egg; 30 days, the whole The egg is white, and the white and non-white areas are indistinguishable; the bottom of the egg is slightly reddish-black; on the 40th day, the middle of the egg begins to soften and expand; 60-65 days, the seedling emerges. When the young hatchlings are hatched, the hatchlings remain in their shells for 1-2 days, and they will not climb out immediately. At this time, it is not possible to force artificial shelling to emerge, otherwise the survival rate will be affected. If the temperature is 32-33°C, sprouting will occur around 55 days. Before emergence, a large flat bottom container should be buried in the sand of the hatchery container. The upper mouth edge should be flat or slightly lower than the sand surface, and the small container should be filled with water 2-3 cm deep to allow the small turtle seedlings to climb out of the shell. Retreat to one of them and catch it again. If it is a multi-layer hatchery, the hatching box that will emerge is moved to the lowest level. There is a pool on the ground with a water depth of 2-4 cm. The hatchlings hatched in the box fall into the pool. Then collect the seedlings.