Arisaema is a perennial herb with a plant height of 40-90 cm. It is also known as southern star and southern white star. Arisaema is used as a medicinal agent for bulbous tubers. With a hurricane will start shock, phlegm function. In recent years, due to the lack of wild resources, large amounts, and artificial cultivation, it has been one of the tightest Chinese herbal medicines. Arisaema is mostly wild and can be cultivated in all parts of China. Arisas hi wet, loose, fertile soil and environment, like water and fertilizer. The tubers are not tolerant to freezing, but the seedlings germinated in the current year. The first year seedlings had only one leaflet, and after the second year, the leaflets increased gradually and were more resistant to cold. Artificial cultivation should be intercropped with high-stalk crops, or shaded undergrowth, forest margins, and valleys should be planted in a relatively humid environment. The soil is loose and fertile, and well-drained yellow sand is preferred. Any land that is low and poorly drained should not be planted.
1 Breeding. The use of tuber propagation is the main reason, but also seed propagation. Tuber Propagation: After harvesting the tubers of Arisaema from September to October, they choose to grow strong, intact, medium- and small-sized tubers without pests, and then dry them for storage in the kiln. Dig kiln depth of about 1.5 meters, depending on the size of planting and planting, kiln temperature maintained at 5 ~ 10 °C is appropriate. Below 5°C, planting plants are susceptible to freezing damage. Above 10°C, germination is easy to occur earlier. It is generally taken out in the spring of the following year. It can also be planted before freezing. Spring planting, in late March to early April, in the whole area, the spacing of 20 to 25 centimeters, spacing 14 to 16 centimeters dig a hole, the depth of 4 to 6 centimeters. Then, put the buds up and put them inside the human hole, one for each hole. After planting soil covered with fertilizer and fine soil, if the drought once poured water. About half a month or so can emerge. Planting large tubers can be split into two or more pieces, as long as each piece has a robust bud head, can be used for planting. But after cutting, the wound should be mixed with vegetation ash in time to avoid rot. Plant tubers after tuber cutting, small tubers, cover soil shallow, large tubers should be deep. Each acre requires a large planting of 45 kg and a small plant of 20 kg.
Seed Propagation: Arisa seeds ripen in early August. After the red berries were collected, they were washed with clear water to remove the flesh, and the seeds were removed for immediate autumn sowing. In the whole seedbed, dig shallow ditches 15 to 20 centimeters apart and evenly sow the seeds into the ditch, covering the ground flush with the surface. After sowing, they poured water once, and afterwards, they often kept bed soil moist and emerged in about 10 days. In winter, cover your face with manure. Moisturizing insulation, enabling seedlings to survive winter. After the seedlings are unearthed in the spring of the following year, the manure bed is used as a fertilizer. When the seedling height is 6 to 9 cm, the seedlings are planted at a spacing of 12 to 15 cm and the excess seedlings can be transplanted separately.
2 Cultivation techniques. After fertilizing the soil for site preparation, the soil will be deeply turned 20-25cm in the autumn, and soil preparation will be applied to the decomposed manure or compost 3000-5000kg per acre and turned into the soil as base fertilizer. Before planting, shallow plough 1 times. Then, the full width, width, and width of the 1.2-meter-high squat or flat sill is well-opened around the gutter. Transplanting is carried out in the early spring from April to May. When the seedlings reach 6-9 cm, they will be selected on a cloudy day. They will grow robust seedlings, with a little soil, and will be transplanted into the field at a spacing of 20 cm and 15 cm. Set root water once to facilitate survival.
3 pests and their control. Viral disease is a plant-borne disease. When it develops, irregular yellow mottled leaves are formed on the leaves of the Arisa nebula, causing the leaves to become mosaic symptoms. At the same time, the leaves are deformed, shrunk, and curled, and become deformed, causing poor plant growth. Later leaves die. Control measures: 1 Select disease-resistant varieties for planting, such as selecting disease-free plants in the field. 2 Increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to enhance the resistance of plants; 3 Spray insecticides in time to eradicate poisoning pests. Virus A and Virus can be used to prevent viral diseases; 5% beta-cypermethrin 3000 times is used to kill poisonous pests.
Red hawk moth, larvae harm the leaves, bite into nicks and holes, 7-8 months when serious, eat the leaves of Arisaema. Control methods: 1 In the young larvae, spray 90% trichlorfon 800 times to kill; 2 bogey continuation, but also avoid bogey and other plants such as Pinellia, konjac and other intercropping. Red spiders, cockroaches and other pests are controlled by the same method as above.
4 Field management. 1 loose soil weeding, top dressing. Seedling height of 6 to 9 cm, the first loose soil weeding should be shallow should not be deep, as long as the loose pine surface layer can be. The second time in the middle and late June, loose soil can be properly deepened, combined with topdressing once, followed by 10 kilograms of urethra per acre. The third time in late July coincided with the strong growth of the Araceae, combined with weeding and loose soil, topdressing 15 kg of urea per acre. The fourth time in late August, combined with loose soil weeding, topdressing urea 10 to 20 thousand pairs of water applied per acre; another appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to increase production. 2 rows of irrigation. Arisas hi wet, after planting, we often keep the soil moist. We must diligently water the plants. During the rainy season, we must pay attention to drainage and prevent the accumulation of water in the fields. Excessive water content tends to yellow the seedlings and affect their growth. 3 Picking flowers. During the period of May-June, when the Arjunae Spike-like multiple sequences are extracted from the sheath-like sepals, they should be cut off in time to avoid unnecessary consumption of nutrients and increase production. 4 intercroppings. After the planting of Arisaema, it grew slowly in the first two years. Maize or beans, or other medicinal materials, were planted on the louse at a spacing of 30 cm from each other, which could not only shade the Arisaema but also increase economic efficiency.
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