With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and changes in the dietary structure, not only the demand for chicken meat is increasing, but also the quality requirements for chicken meat are getting higher and higher. Due to the characteristics of plump muscles, tender meat quality, delicious chicken taste, fast growing speed, and high feed conversion rate, the hybrid chickens are more and more popular among farmers in rural areas. However, the hybrid chickens have poor resistance to various factors of the external environment and are prone to illness. Therefore, the cultivation of chicks is the key to the success or failure of raising hybrid chickens. The author according to production practice. Summarize several measures to improve the survival rate of broiler chickens for meat and eggs.
1. Do a good job of disinfection and preheating before brooding
First of all, 15g of potassium permanganate plus formalin (30ml) is used for fumigation in the brooding room for 30 minutes. After the fumigation, the doors and windows are closed. After the fumigation is completed for 24 hours, the doors and windows are opened, and the remaining formaldehyde gas can be used before it is completely removed. All utensils in the chicken house were sterilized and rinsed with 0.1% potassium permanganate, cleaned, placed in the room, and pre-heated in the house so that the temperature in the broiler room reached 23 to 25°C.
2, the appropriate temperature
Because the body temperature regulation function of the chick is not yet well developed, if the temperature is too low, it will be cold and dense, affecting feeding and exercise, causing severe colds, diarrhea, and even death. If the temperature is too high, the appetite will be reduced, the body will be weak, and the development will be slow. Therefore, it is required that the temperature be suitable and stable, and there should be no major changes in the day and night. The temperature should be maintained at 33°C in the first week, and then lowered by 1.5°C every week, and then lowered to about 21°C after five weeks. Whether the temperature is appropriate can be judged by observing the activity of the chicks. The chicks are lively, moderately drinking, and evenly distributed, indicating proper temperature; chicks increase their respiration and frequently drink water; when the wings are sag, the temperature is too high; the chicks are densely packed, not active, and often buzzing It means the temperature is too low.
3, suitable humidity
Indoor air is too moist or dry, which is detrimental to the growth of chicks. Over-tide is difficult to evaporate moisture and body heat. Winter chicks are prone to catch cold. In the summer, they are prone to coccidiosis and mycosis. Too dry, they consume too much water in the body and lead to anorexia, which is detrimental to growth. If the humidity is appropriate, then it is small. Chicken comfort, good appetite, normal development. Therefore, it is generally desirable to have a relative humidity of 60%.
4, the appropriate density
Appropriate density is an important condition for ensuring healthy growth and development of chickens. Density of the air inside the ambassador is filthy, the sanitary environment is poor, and the growth and development are not neat; the density is too low, raising the cost of raising. The reasonable density is 1 to 2 weeks of age 25 to 30 per square meter, 3 to 4 weeks of age 20 to 25 per square meter, and 5 to 7 weeks of age 15 to 20 per square meter.
5, suitable lighting
Proper lighting can improve their living ability and promote growth and development. The chicks were exposed to light for 24 hours at 1 to 3 days of age, then reduced to 23 hours of light each day, and 1 hour of darkness at midnight. Light intensity 1 to 15 days of age apply 40 to 60W bulbs per 20 square meters, 15 days after the application of 15W bulbs per 20 square meters. The light should be stable to prevent flickering. If the light is too strong, it can cause armpits, licking and other anal fistulas to occur.
6, make the first drink and open food work
The chicks should be fed water in 12 to 24 hours after hatching by adding 5% glucose and 1% vitamin C. After drinking for 5 days, change to normal water. During the entire brooding period, it is best to add 1 to 2 courses of antibacterial medicine to prevent local morbidity in drinking water of 1 to 3 days of age according to local conditions; the drinking fountain must be cleaned once a day. 2h after drinking water can be eaten, the first 3 days can use corn or millet as a starting material, after the full price of material. Scientifically and rationally drinking and eating can significantly increase the survival rate of chicks.
7, timely break
In order to prevent flocking and licking of the pheasant, the brooding process must be performed within 7 to 10 days of age. In order to reduce the stress and bleeding caused by debriding, vitamin C and vitamin K were added to the feed 2 days before dehydration.
8, do a good job of health and disease prevention system
Thoroughly disinfect the brooding sheds and all the utensils in the sheds, 2-3 times per week, and wash the sinks and troughs with disinfectant every day. Clean up the feces in time to prevent the accumulation of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the feces and affect the health of the chicken. Immunization is the main method to prevent infectious disease of chicks. Generally, chicks are injected subcutaneously with Marek’s disease vaccine at 1 day of age, 7 days to 8 days of age, Newcastle disease ND II and infectious bronchitis vaccine H120, 14-17 days of age. Drinking water immunization against infectious cystic disease vaccine, 32-day-old drinking water immunized with chicken infectious bronchitis vaccine H52, to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases of chicks and improve the survival rate of brooding.
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