In recent years, the Chinese cabbage “dry heartburn†has been seriously affected in some old vegetable areas. The disease is a common physiological disease in Chinese cabbage production. It is usually caused by physiological calcium deficiency in plants due to adverse environmental conditions, affecting the quality of Chinese cabbage, and thus affecting economic efficiency. Right now, it is time for the autumn cabbage to introduce the cause of the disease and its prevention and treatment methods.
One, field symptoms
The disease usually occurs in the late and late stages of Chinese cabbage growth. It occurs frequently in the rosette stage and the bulbous stage. The outer leaves grow normally. After cutting the leaf ball, part of the heart leaves can be seen as white, yellow, and dry. Dry paper, sick and healthy organizations clearly distinguish.
Second, the cause of the disease
1. Soil physical and chemical properties. High salinization of plot soils results in severe disease, especially when the plots are heavily planted with vegetables for many years. This is because excessive salt content in the soil inhibits the absorption of calcium by plants.
2. Influence of weather conditions. When Chinese cabbage is exposed to persistent high-temperature drought or severe water shortage during the seedling stage and the rosette stage, "dry burning" occurs.
3. Due to improper fertilization. When the soil is very dry and excessive nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the soil fertilizer concentration will be too high, the microbial activity in the soil will be inhibited, and the absorption of calcium by plants will be seriously affected, which can easily lead to “dry burning heartâ€.
4. Variety of resistance differences. The varieties of Chinese cabbage are diverse, and the resistance of different varieties to the "dry-heart" disease is very different. Susceptible varieties can easily induce "dry-heart burning".
Third, control methods
1. Choose a thoroughbred. Production trials have shown that the selection of a bunch of heart-shaped varieties has strong resistance, such as oil green No. 3, Beijing New No. 3 and other varieties, but also according to the local actual conditions and the cultivation habits of vegetable farmers, choose according to local conditions.
2. Selected plots. Planting Chinese cabbage should select loose and well-drained land and try to avoid low-lying saline-alkali land. According to the experience of vegetable farmers, the best place to choose “three sand and seven soils†is the best. This kind of soil cultivation is convenient, and it has good fertility and water retention capacity. The cabbage seedlings and rosettes grow vigorously. The knotted porcelain is compact, with high yield and excellent quality.
3. Balanced fertilization. Pay attention to the balanced use of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilization of three elements, and avoid partial nitrogen fertilization during the growth period. Attention should be paid to the rational ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace fertilizer.
4. Apply calcium fertilizer. Out-of-root calcium supplementation is an effective and most direct method. Usually from the beginning of the Chinese cabbage rosette stage, 0.7% calcium chloride and 50ppm naphthalene acetic acid mixed solution or Raymond calcium fertilizer are sprayed on the heart leaves every 7-10 days. Spraying should pay attention to the key to the heart of the leaf spray, spraying 4 to 5 times to achieve 80% of the control effect.
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