For management personnel, the birthing process and the first 24 hours after farrowing are the most critical periods affecting the survival rate of piglets. However, in this critical period, the measures and inputs adopted by many pig farms are still far from enough, either because of lack of relevant skills or insufficient time for intervention.
Many high-level pig farms have now begun to manage at least 75% of the farrowing process. Some pig farms have also implemented 24-hour supervision during this period, because such measures have led them to see a great increase both in the number of piglets and the quality of piglets.
First, to understand the average gestation cycle of the herd (92% of sows were usually delivered 113 to 117 days after gestation).
2. Induction of sows only within one or two days before or after the average gestation period during pregnancy.
3. Before using prostaglandin preparations to induce calving, check the number of nipples and the stage of breast development in each sow.
Fourth, mild prostaglandin products should be used, with 38 to 40 mm long 16 to 18 needles, intramuscular injection of 2 ml. The ideal injection time is from 7:00 am to 8:00 am, so that the sows can have a good delivery on the second working day.
5. The day before inducing calving on the sow, the keeper should check all the sows before leaving the pig house. Additional soaking lamps and shredded paper are added to the sides and back of the soon to be delivered sow. The outflow of colostrum from the nipple is a clear sign of the sow's immediate birth.
6. On the day of birth, first check all sows to see if any sows have already started the farrowing process. For those who have completed calving, make sure that no pigs get cold and can suck into colostrum. Record the time of the last piglet's birth and the amount of discharge of the placenta.
7. When the piglet is born, dry it with shredded paper or a paper towel; place it in a heated plastic bucket for 30 to 40 minutes and place it on the sow's breast. Piglet sucking milk causes the oxytocin produced by the sow to stimulate further contraction of the sow's uterus to produce more piglets. Repeat this process for all newborn piglets. It is very important to help the piglet suck milk during the first few hours of their lives.
8. After about 1 hour of sucking milk, the piglets are marked and moved to a heated activity area or placed in a heated plastic bucket. This allows smaller piglets or later-produced piglets to better suck into the more milk-producing anterior nipples.
9. If the sow has not yet delivered a piglet within 30 minutes, but continues to blame, it is necessary to intervene. The use of a plastic sleeve, an obstetrical gel-coated hand and arm for an in-patient visit can help to remove the misplaced piglets. If the sow is no longer responsible and there are indications that piglets have not been delivered, 0.5 to 1.0 ml of oxytocin-S may be injected intramuscularly to stimulate uterine contractions. For this hormone treatment, do not overdo it, so each use must be separated by more than 45 minutes. The injection of 1.0 ml of oxytocin-S also helps in the removal of the remaining piglets and the discharge of the placenta. It is also very useful for sows that have not yet delivered all the piglets but who are presumed to have completed the farrowing process.
X. Before considering the placement of the piglets into other sows, the suckling of the piglet should not be less than 6 hours in order to obtain specific maternal antibodies. It is important to help those small piglets to suck in the very important colostrum that gives life to them.
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