Winter is the dormant period of fruit trees, and it is also a favorable period for the prevention and control of fruit tree pests and diseases. Doing a good job of pest control during this period can greatly reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases in the growing season of fruit trees in the coming year, and truly play a multiplier role. In order to improve the control effect, it is necessary to understand and master the overwintering forms and sites of pests and diseases and seize them in the winter season.
First, wintering form and place
Adults usually live in the bark seams, lining, deciduous, weeds, and soil in the wintering season; larvae usually overwinter over winter at the base of the trunk, dry skin cracks, sawn cuts, hanging branches, etc. Generally in the top soil layer near the root; winter eggs are generally in the bark cracks and trunk residues; pathogens generally in winter litter, weeds, stamens, rough, etc..
Second, control methods
1. Clean up the orchard. After the fruit is picked, the orchard is cleared to remove the dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, rotten fruit, and stale fruits, bring out the orchards and burn them, or keep the fertilizer away from the orchard to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria and pests and reduce the number of diseases and pests in the coming year. happened.
2. Deeply turn over the orchard. Before the advent of freezing, about 30 centimeters deep about the orchard can change the environmental conditions of wintering pests, causing them to die of freezing, or being eaten by other natural enemies, or turning the surface insects to the depths and suffocating, while also achieving looseness. The soil is conducive to the growth of fruit tree roots.
3. Pruning. Combine pruning and pruning in winter, cut fruit tree branches, diseased branches, dead branches, dead branches, etc., and bring them out of the orchard to burn them out. This can eliminate various kinds of pests.
4. Scrape bark in winter. The trunk of the fruit tree, the rough bark on the main branch, the old bark, and the cracking of the skin are the places where pests hibernate. When scraping the skin, a plastic sheet should be laid under the trunk, and the knife should be used to scrape rough skin, old skin, and cracked skin, and bring it out of the orchard and burn it.
Fill the hole. Some holes, cracks, etc. in the main trunk of the fruit tree are also places where the pests can pass through winter. Before the advent of freezing, they fill the tree with holes and cracks, which can cause the insects to suffocate due to lack of oxygen. The proportion of the prepared mud was: 10 clays, 3 roughies, 0.5 limes, 0.5 trichlorfon, and water addition.
6. White paint. The proportion of whitening agent preparation is: lime 0.5 kg, salt 0.5 kg, animal oil 0.2 kg, lime sulfur 0.5 kg, clay 0.5 kg, water 18 kg, and apply the trunk after mixing.
7. Lay the film. A loop of plastic film about 20 cm wide at the base of the trunk prevents pests from climbing up the trunk.
8. Spray. Spraying pesticides in places where there are dense weeds and dead leaves in and outside the garden has good control effect. It can spray 3-5 Baume degrees of lime sulfur and 50 carbendazim 100-200 times, which can eliminate some of the overwintering pests in the trunk and soil.
9. Shut dry. In the winter, we can use wet straw and other twisted weaves to bind the tree trunks to the tree trunks. Before the budding of the spring fruit trees, we unwrap them and bring them out of the garden to burn them. This will destroy all the hibernating pests in the grass stems.
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