Recently, I have seen farmers remove some deformed strawberry fruits from the shed and dump them on the ditch.
Among these malformed fruits, there are irregular and disorderly fruit, chicken-like aggregated fruit, white-topped fruit with white tips, seeds with protruding fruit, fruit with cracked fruit, and so on. Why does the same plastic greenhouse appear? What are the deformed strawberry fruits?
The reason why strawberries produce teratogenic fruit is, from a large aspect, the first stage of the ecological environment and the growth and development of some strawberries is not appropriate, and the second is that the cultivation and management techniques are not in place. Specifically, the affected factors are temperature, humidity, light, moisture, fertilizer, pollination, etc., resulting in some plants with poor strawberry development. From the main factors, one is excessive nitrogen fertilizer application, the second is the lack of boron fertilizer, the third is high temperature and drought, and the fourth is poor drainage. For example, when there is too much nitrogen fertilizer, strawberry grows vigorously, and at the same time, two or more flower buds may be differentiated at the growing point, and it is easy to form flat cockscomb fruit after gathering. Another example is that when boron is insufficient, the flowers are small, pollination is poor, and the fruit shrinks on one side and becomes deformed. When the temperature is high and dry, the watering is excessive, and the fruit is easily cracked. Groundwater level is too high, drainage is not smooth, ventilation is not timely, often pollen germination, vitality is restricted, insect pollination is inhibited, poor fertilization, easy to form flattened fruit. In addition, the lack of honey bees in the greenhouse of greenhouses will also reduce the success rate of strawberries.
In order to improve the yield and quality of strawberries and prevent the occurrence of malformed fruit, the following methods should be taken:
First of all, choose the species with high yield rate. The deformed fruit rate of some varieties is about 30%, the fruitful rate of Fengxiang and Lihong is high, the deformed fruit rate of All Stars is about 20%, and the deformed fruit of Hani is not more than 10%. Localities can choose according to local conditions.
Second, scientific formula fertilization. To achieve a combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, in particular, appropriate proportion of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied. Each acre base fertilizer should be applied to the farmyard fertilizer 4000-5000 kg, 40-50 kg of superphosphate, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, boron holding capacity of 0.2 kg, 30 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer. Every 20 days after planting, the compound fertilizer was chased once every 20 days, 10 kg per mu, and applied once a month at a later time. At the same time, spraying Huimanfeng Active Liquid Fertilizer and Sonic Bo 2-3 times.
Third, regulate temperature and humidity. Using plastic greenhouse insulation cultivation of strawberries, first, after the flowering does not easily surface irrigation is not easy; Second, the use of furrow irrigation, with the irrigation with row; third is to open a large shed outside the ditch, lower groundwater level; Fourth, timely lift the waist Ventilation of the window, control the humidity within the shed no more than 40%.
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