Color pepper is a hybrid plant, not a genetically modified food. It is a popular accessory and matching food. Before the planting, the color pepper should study the market, respect the law, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and reduce risks. Let's take a look at the cultivation techniques of autumn and winter colored peppers in the solar greenhouse.
1 variety introduction
Mandi plants have medium growth potential and short internodes, suitable for planting in the greenhouse in autumn and winter and early spring. The fruit setting rate is high, the fruit is square, the flesh is thick, the length is 8-10 cm, the diameter is 9-10 cm, and the single fruit weight is 200-260 g. The fruit has good brightness, turns red after maturity, has bright color and good commodity. It can carry out green fruit harvesting, red fruit harvesting, storage and transportation, transportation, long shelf life, and resistance to tobacco mosaic virus.
The plant of Huang Taiji has a large degree of development, strong growth ability and short internodes. It is suitable for planting in the greenhouse in autumn and winter and early spring. The fruit set rate is high, square, turn yellow after maturity, and grow fast. At the temperature suitable for growth, the fruit is 8 to 10 cm long and 9 to 10 cm in diameter. The fruit is bright and suitable for harvesting green fruit. It is also suitable for harvesting yellow fruit. Good commodity, resistant to storage and transportation. Single fruit weight 200 ~ 250g, resistant to tobacco mosaic virus.
2 nursery
It is recommended to use factory nursery for seedlings, and the seedling farm facilities are perfect, with high professional technology and strong control ability. During the nursery period, the seedlings need to be strong, strong, roots intact, and free from pests and diseases.
3 cultivation management
3.1 èŒ¬å£ arrangement
Breeding time is best in mid-July or late, seedling period 25 ~ 30d, late August or early September.
3.2 Preparation before planting
In the solar greenhouse, there are mainly problems such as high recycling rate of greenhouses, serious continuous cropping, and many soil pathogens. The following preparations are required before planting the above problems:
3.2.1 In the high temperature season, the soil disinfection treatment is carried out by using “Weibaimu†and “Mianlongâ€. 10 days before planting, the mulch was uncovered and the soil was ploughed to remove harmful gases.
3.2.2 About 35 days before planting, apply 5,000 kg of pure chicken manure or 15 to 20 m 3 of rice husk chicken manure per 667 m 2 and apply compound fertilizer 75 kg·(667 m 2 ) -1 , trace element amount, deep Turn 30 cm.
3.2.3 Prepare the ridge for 7 days before planting. 400 to 500 kg of bio-fertilizer, 25 to 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 200 kg of decomposed bean cake per 667 m 2 .
3.2.4 Pay attention to the installation of insect nets, 60 mesh insect nets at the front and upper air outlets of the greenhouse.
3.3 colonization
Time is good for sunny afternoons. When burying the soil, the upper edge of the soil is the same as the ground. Pouring the planted water, the amount of water should be poured through, and it should not be flooded. In order to prevent dead trees, add antibacterial 986 or a large number of bacteria and other biological fertilizers.
3.4 Field Management
3.4.1 Management of slow seedling period
The ploughing of loose soil, loosening the soil, promoting hair roots, protecting and weeding, the depth is 3 ~ 5 cm, the principle is that the roots are shallow and deep. The temperature is maintained at around 28 °C; it can be sprayed with 750 times of the helper or smart 963 to prevent the length.
3.4.2 Flowering period management
Adding foliar fertilizers containing trace elements such as boron and phosphorus to promote flower bud differentiation and prevent falling flowers and fruits. Lay the film at the right time to increase the ground temperature and reduce the humidity.
3.4.3 Temperature and Humidity Management
During the slow seedling period, it is about 30 °C during the day and 18 °C at night. After the slow seedling period, it is about 28 °C during the day and 15 °C at night.
When ventilating, pay attention to the temperature rise to about 20 °C and pass the small wind for 20 to 30 minutes to reduce the humidity. When the temperature reaches 30 °C, the air is released a small amount and kept at about 28 °C. Pay attention to ventilation a small number of times to prevent the temperature from falling and falling. The humidity is kept at around 75%.
Heating and dehumidification can take the following effective measures. First, the winter season heat preservation quilt, grass rafts, etc. should be pulled early and promoted to promote crop growth. Second, the temperature rises after the spring season, and the temperature should rise early to prevent the temperature from being too high. Increase the light according to the weather.
3.4.4 Fertilizer management
The color pepper is neither drought-tolerant nor tolerant, and the requirements for water and fertilizer are strict. Excessive moisture causes roots, causing root rot and disease, and the water is too small and is not conducive to fruit expansion.
During the fruit setting period, the amount of water should be small. See dry and wet, not with fertilizer; when the fruit is enlarged, the amount of water is slightly larger. When the fruit grows to the size of the walnut, the fertilizer is applied at a suitable time. For each 667 m 2 , the high-quality fulvic acid bio-organic fertilizer is applied for 40 to 50 kg. Improve root activity, promote fruit enlargement, and increase fruit commerciality.
Watering should be chosen in the sunny morning, small water with fertilizer application, fertilizer can be used in combination with functional fertilizers such as fulvic acid, humic acid and chitin.
3.4.5 pruning
Generally, the four-bar pruning is the main one. After the four-door fruit is seated, the side branches of the inner hall are removed in time to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. The results of the main branch are the main results, but also the results of the side branches, but must follow the "topping does not go to the leaves", each main branch can retain 5 to 6 fruits, and timely remove the deformed fruit.
4 Pest control
The main diseases of colored peppers include viral diseases, anthracnose, epidemics, and bacterial leaf spot. Insect pests are mainly thrips, aphids, aphids and the like. The principle of prevention and control must be based on prevention, combination of prevention and treatment, rational use of drugs, and alternate use.
4.1 Agricultural control
4.1.1 Intensive cultivation of fine land, careful cultivation of strong seedlings, try not to damage the roots during transplantation, carefully organize, to ensure that no water is accumulated, and the base fertilizer is applied.
4.1.2 After planting, according to the temperature change, timely watering should be carried out to prevent evaporation of the ground water, transpiration of the seedlings, and isolation of virus infection.
4.1.3 Spraying phosphate fertilizer in the flower bud stage, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage respectively, enhance the nutrient matching function of the plant, thicken the fruit stalk and stem, promote the healthy growth of the plant and enhance the disease resistance.
4.2 Chemical control
4.2.1 Viral disease
In the hot season, if the number of pest bases is large, it is easy to be infected with viral diseases. First, pay attention to the prevention of acarids such as aphids and whiteflies, spray once with pymetrozine (or acetamiprid) + spirotetramat, then spray 1 Sub-enhanced plant resistance, agents for preventing viral diseases, such as morpholinium hydrochloride, amino oligosaccharides, lentinan, nymidine, and praline.
4.2.2 Anthrax
When the anthrax disease enters the sporadic initial stage, prevention can play a good role in reducing the degree of late onset. The lower cost of the protective agent can be evenly sprayed, such as 80% sensitized manganese zinc or 75% chlorothalonil. The therapeutic agent can be selected from 25% prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate 2 000 times solution or flucemia sputum ester 42.8% suspension agent 3,000 times liquid foliar spray. It is required to spray the medicine once before watering.
4.2.3 Disease
In the early stage of the disease, 50% cymoxanil WP 2,000 times solution, or 50% enoylmorpholine WP 1500 times solution, or 23.4% bispropionamide suspension, plant spray combined with root irrigation Prevention and treatment.
4.2.4 Lepidoptera larvae and mites, etc.
6% aviline benzoyl suspension, control lepidopteran pests, treat red spiders and leaf miners, doxorubicin, use lure or insecticidal lamps, sputum and mites are severely sprayed once again Ethyl ester.
The above is the main cultivation point of the color green pepper in the solar greenhouse. I have already summarized a lot of colorful pepper cultivation techniques for everyone. What do you think is the best?
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