Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes promote wound healing and replace skin grafts in the future
September 03, 2018 Source: Exogenous House
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];Recently, the international journal "Stem Cell Research & Therapy" published a new study. Scientists found that exosomes secreted by umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have the effect of promoting wound healing.
Huatong's gum is a gel-like filling between the umbilical cord amniotic membrane and blood vessels. The umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells extracted from Huatong's gum are a kind of adult stem cells with self-renewal, proliferation and multi-directional differentiation potential. Because its source is not ethical, it is easy to obtain, has a rapid proliferation rate, and has low immunogenicity. It has been widely used in clinical research such as ischemic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, tumors and autoimmune diseases.
The biological function of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells is mainly achieved through intercellular interactions, secretion of cytokines and upregulation of cell surface inhibitors. The secreted exosomes are one of the important mediators of cell-to-cell regulation. When exosomes were discovered in 1979, they were generally considered to be "garbage" of metabolism during cell development. With the continuous advancement of biotechnology, researchers found that exosomes are a kind of carrier for cells to exert biological activity.
In the study, scientists have detected a large amount of exosome containing α-2-macroglobulin (a2M) in umbilical cord huatong gum, and a2M is considered to be the main component that may promote wound healing. In the subsequent animal experiment, 8 black rats were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups treated with exosomes and 4 control groups receiving other treatments. The 7-day monitoring results showed that compared with the control group, the treatment group Wound healing is significantly enhanced, there are more cells in the wound site, and collagen deposition in the wound is significantly increased, suggesting that exosomes secreted by umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can be a compelling alternative.
According to relevant statistics, about 180,000 people die every year from severe burns worldwide. The high mortality rate in burn patients is due to increased skin metabolism due to skin loss, severe fluid loss and increased risk of infection. Other wounds such as diabetics heal slowly, and even non-healing, also present a high risk of wound infections and other complications.
At present, skin transplantation is a first-line treatment for healing wounds, but there are also deficiencies such as limited natural skin and inconsistent skin color. Over the past decade, the use of stem cell technology to heal wounds has gradually entered the field of scientists and has received widespread attention.
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes can mimic the function of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to promote tissue repair and immune regulation, and exosomes do not have nuclear structure, can not be expanded in the host, and have high clinical application. The safety can replace the skin graft for wound healing caused by burns in the future, and the application prospect is extremely broad.
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