Nitrogen deficiency syndrome
When nitrogen deficiency is generally started, especially during the period of peak growth, the leaves gradually change from green to light green, and as the nitrogen deficiency increases, the leaves turn yellow, and they are partially charred and slightly smaller than normal leaves. With the increase of nitrogen deficiency in young leaves, the leaves are greener. The petioles and calyces of the old leaves are reddish, with pale leaves or jagged, bright red. Poor soil and no normal fertilization, extensive management, weeds and susceptible to nitrogen deficiency.
Control methods: Apply base fertilizer to meet the short and concentrated growth characteristics of the spring growth period. If nitrogen deficiency is found, apply 11.5 kg of ammonium nitrate or 8.5 kg of urea per acre and apply water immediately after application. Flowering can also be sprayed with 0.3%~0.5% urea solution of fertilizer 1-2 times, spraying fertilizer solution per acre 50 kg or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 2~3 times.
Phosphorus deficiency
The plants grow weakly, develop slowly, and the leaves are dark green with bronze. When phosphorus deficiency aggravated, the appearance of the upper leaves showed a purple spot, and the older leaves also had this feature. Phosphorus-deficient plants had smaller flowers and fruit than normal plants. Soils with high calcium or high acidity, and soils with loose sand or organic matter are prone to phosphorus deficiency.
Control methods: When the plants begin to develop symptoms, they should be sprayed with 1% of superphosphate solution or 0.1%~0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 2~3 times, spraying once every 7~10 days. Fertilizer spray 50 kg.
Potassium deficiency
Symptoms of potassium deficiency in strawberries often occur in newly mature upper leaves. Leaf edges often appear black, brown and dry, followed by burns. They also develop towards the center between the veins of most of the leaves. Old leaves suffer severe damage. Illumination will increase leaf burns, so the lack of potassium is often confused with "sunburn." The petiole of the burned leaf often develops brown to dark brown, with mild damage, and gradually wither. The potassium-deficient strawberry has a light color and poor taste.
Control methods: Apply sufficient organic fertilizer, apply about 7.5 kg of potassium sulfate per acre; also spray the solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%~0.2% 2~3 times, spray once every 7~10 days. Spray fertilizer 50 kg per mu.
Magnesium deficiency
At the beginning, the edges of the upper leaves yellowed, browned and scorched, followed by chlorosis between dark veins and dark brown spots, and some spots developed into necrotic spots. When scorch is aggravated, the stem leaves appear pale green and swell, and the coking phenomenon develops with the increase of leaf age and the increase of magnesium deficiency. Generally, magnesium deficiency disease is easy to occur when strawberries are cultivated in sandy soil or nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are used excessively.
Control methods: Foliar spraying 1%~2% magnesium sulfate solution 2~3 times, spray once every 10 days, spray fertilizer liquid per acre 50 kilograms.
Boron deficiency
Early boron deficiency, young leaves appear shrinkage and leaf coke, leaves yellow edges, growth point damage. With the increase of boron deficiency, the veins of the old leaves will turn green or the leaves will curl upwards. Boron-deficient plants have small flowers, low rates of pollination and seed setting, fruit deformities or tumors, small fruit seeds, and poor fruit quality. Boron-deficient soils and soils are susceptible to boron deficiency during drought.
Control methods: timely watering, increase soil soluble boron content, in order to facilitate plant absorption. Boron-deficient strawberries can be sprayed with 0.15% borax solution 2 or 3 times. During the flowering period, the concentration of boron should be appropriately reduced. Each time, 50 kg of fertilizer solution should be sprayed.
Iron deficiency
Young leaves yellow or green, with the degree of yellowing and white. In moderate iron deficiency, the veins are green and the veins are yellow-white. In the case of severe iron deficiency, the newly grown leaflets turn white, and the edges of the leaves are necrotic or yellow. Alkaline soils or acidic soils are prone to iron deficiency.
Control methods: adjust the pH value of the soil to make the soil pH reach 6~6.5, and apply 0.2~0.5% ferrous sulfate solution on the leaves for 2~3 times.
Zinc deficiency
When zinc deficiency worsens, old leaves narrow. In particular, the thinner the zinc leaf in the base, the more elongated the narrow leaf portion. However, zinc deficiency does not cause necrosis. When severely deficient in zinc, the new leaves were yellowed, the veins were reddish, and the edges of the leaves were clearly serrated. Zinc deficiency results in fewer plants.
Control methods: Add organic fertilizer, improve soil, spray foliar spraying 0.05%~0.1% zinc sulfate solution 2~3 times. Spray concentration should not be too high to avoid phytotoxicity.
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