Hybrid quail is a hybrid of a male bigmouth lick and a female squid. Hybrid scorpion not only has the characteristics of large size, fast growth, strong feeding power, and delicious meat taste, but also has the inherent mildness of squid. The characteristics of relatively weak cohorts, low feeding power, and high survival rate of aquaculture are welcomed by farmers and consumers.
First, the choice of breeding waters
The cages can be set up in reservoirs, lakes, rivers with a flow rate of 0.2 m/s or less, and require a water depth of more than 3 meters. The bottoms are flat, the water body is not polluted, the transparency is more than 50 cm, and the dissolved oxygen is 3 mg/liter or more. , pH 7.0-9.0. The optimum temperature for the growth of hybrid crickets is 12-31°C. The cages should be set on the leeward sunny side and the wide water surface without affecting the passage of ships.
Second, cage structure and settings
The structure of the cage is frame-floating. The petrol barrel or foam box (tube) is used as the float. The frame is welded with angle iron or galvanized pipe. The simple frame can be made of thick plate, round timber or bamboo. Adult fish cages have an area of ​​6-28 square meters, a cage height of 2.5-3 meters, a water depth of 2.0-2.5 meters, and nets above the water surface (0.5 meters, mesh 2-3 centimeters, double open mouth type. Generally Net cages are erected on both sides of floating frame sidewalks, such as “N†shapes, and some are built on Siamese cages to house occupants and store small amounts of bait and fishing gear. A feed table and feed table can be welded with a 12 mm steel bar into a frame of 80 cm, 80 cm, and 15 cm. It can be made out of a sieve cloth, and round bamboo can also be used as a feed table.
Third, fingerling breeding and stocking
(a) Fish breeding
Before the fish is put into the fish box, it is first cultivated to about 10 cm. During the cultivation of the fingerlings, the size of the fish is screened every 10-15 days, and the fish is bred in separate ponds (tanks) to prevent the big fish from eating small fish. The main ways to cultivate fish species are:
1. Cement ponds The cultivated cement pool covers an area of ​​10-20 square meters and a height of (0.5-0.7) meters. Full-length 2-3 cm fry, stocking density 200-300/m2, mainly for feeding leeches, at 28-31°C, 30-40 days, most species are 8-10 cm.
2. Cultivating cages will be cultivated in the cement pool to 4-5 cm of fingerlings and placed in a cage with an area of ​​3-6 square meters, a mesh of 0.6-0.8 cm and a height of 2.0 meters. The stocking density is 500. Square meters. Such as feeding compound feed, at this time the most appropriate transfer of domestication, transfer feed for the compound feed and attractant mixture, the commonly used attractant with fish meat, etc., switching process takes about 7-12 days, daily Feeding 3 times, feeding once every 9:00-10:00, 18:00-20:00 and 22:00-23:00, feeding 15%-20% of fish body weight, 70% of the weight When fingerlings can feed on feeds, they gradually decrement the amount of attractant until they are completely fed. The daily feed amount becomes 7% to 10% of the fish's weight every day from 9:00 to 10:00 and 18:00. - 1 feeding at -20:00 each. The content of crude protein in compound feed is 42%-48%. At a water temperature of 28-31°C and cultivated for 25-30 days, the majority of fish species have a total length of 8-10 cm.
(II) Stocking of fish species
The fish cages are installed in the water 7-10 days before stocking. The old cages used many times must be soaked with strong chlorine and then exposed to sunlight for 1-2 days before installation. Stocking stocks require strong physique, consistent specifications, strong mobility, and no injury or illness. Fish species before entering the box with 0.5ml/cubic meter of liquid chlorine dioxide bath for 20-30 minutes, can be used to pipette or human syringe with chlorine dioxide liquid, soaked in a small cement pot or canvas bag or large Plastic pots can also be carried out in bags surrounded by woven fabrics of colored strips.
Fourth, feeding and management
(I) Feeding
At present, the feeds fed on the production include wild fish, chilled fish, and compound feed, which can be fed individually or as a combination of the three feeds.
1. Feeding wild fish, chilled fish reservoirs, cage culture, and breeding of hybrids. Feed more fresh wild oysters and other wild fish caught in reservoirs, or purchase some low-value freshwater fish (such as small tilapia) and small marine products. When the fish is frozen and used, when it is unpleasant, it is ground with a meat grinder or cut into sections. The palatable bait fish can be fed whole. The rate of daily feeding was 30% when the fish species were in the box. With the growth of the fish, the daily feeding rate dropped to about 8%.
2. Feeding formulated feedstuffs When the fish breeding period has not been fed with compound feed, the fish should be transferred and domesticated after entering the tank. The method is the same as before. The total length is 10-23 cm, the content of protein in the compound feed is 42%, the daily feed rate is 4%-6%, the total length is 23 cm or more, the protein content is 36%, and the daily feed rate is 3%-4%. Daily feeding 2 times, 9:00-10:00, 18:00-20:00 each, once in the morning for 30% of the total feeding amount, and once in the afternoon for the whole day 70% of the feeding amount.
(b) Daily management
1. Within one month after stocking in a sieving box, fish is sifted every 8 days, and fish of similar specifications are fed in the same box.
2. Scrubbing or changing the box during the period of time to wash the nets, and timely remove the floating objects and obstacles inside and outside the cage to keep the flow of water inside and outside the cage unobstructed. If there are many attachments to the nets, they can be replaced with new cages.
3. Other daily management work often wash the feed table, soak and disinfect once every 7-10 days with strong chlorine; check the cage every day and repair the damage timely; according to weather changes and fish feeding conditions, increase or decrease the amount of feeding; Change the water level and adjust the cage position in time.
Fifth, fish disease prevention
1. Preventive measures During the culture process, care should be taken to avoid fish injuries. Remove diseased fish and dead fish in time and bury it in the soil. In the epidemic season of fish diseases, use olfactory chloride for hanging bags 1-2 times every 15 days, each time using 1-2 bags. Monthly use of garlic head 5 g / kg fish or allicin 0.1-0.2 g / kg of fish bait feeding 1-2 times, each feeding for 6 days; or monthly oxytetracycline 0.05-0.08 g / kg fish mixed Feeding the bait once, and feeding it for 6 days at a time, can effectively prevent bacterial fish diseases such as enteritis.
2. Common diseases and treatment methods
(1) White skin disease is mainly harmful to fish species. The pathogens are bacteria. The diseased fish species begins with white tail fins, and then spreads to the entire caudal peduncle and the rear half of the body. The caudal fins are rotted, and the fish heads face downwards and the tails face upwards. Want to struggle to sink and eventually die. The fish in the cage shall be transferred into the bag surrounded by the textile fabrics of color strips, and the bath shall be bathed with chlorine dioxide at a concentration of 0.5 ml/m3 for 20-30 minutes. It should be noted that the bags enclosed by the color woven fabrics The soaking water should be rated or quasi-quantitative, and the concentration of the liquid medicine should also be considered accurate, and the soaking liquid must be more than the fish.
(2) Bacterial haemorrhagic disease is mainly harmful to fish species and adult fishes. Diseased organs have different degree of congestive or hemorrhage in various organs in vivo and in vitro, and gallbladder enlargement and discoloration. External application of soaking method with white skin disease, within the compound sulfamethoxazole 25 mg / kg of fish fed with spices, and even fed 6 days, the first day dosage doubled.
(3) Bacterial ulcer disease is mainly harmful to fingerlings and adult fishes. The diseased fish swim slowly on the surface of the water and can't get into the water even if it is disturbed. The diseased fish can get ulceration from the top and bottom, and the ulceration of the head can often be seen in the exposed skull. Table skin rot, exposed muscles, ulcer lesions large or small, dissection found no stomach food, intestinal congestion and inflammation, and some diseased fish with ascites, liver enlargement, yellowing or necrosis. The disease is mainly due to the lack of vitamins and other nutrients (especially the salmon that feed the fish alone), the decline in resistance to disease and secondary bacterial infections. External application of soaking method with white skin disease, within the 20-30 mg/kg fish meal fed with fluocin acid, and the addition of 3 ‰ Vc in the feed, and then fed 3-5 days; or with the product fish medicine "ulcer flat "Federal feeding, dosage and usage refer to the drug instruction.
(4) Bacterial gill disease mainly affects adult fish. The color of the diseased fish is weakened. The end of the sputum is rotted and often accompanied by sludge. The treatment method is the same as bacterial hemorrhage.
(5) Bacterial enteritis disease Fish fins and fins are congestive, red and swollen, and the anatomy shows inflammation of the intestine. External application of soaking method with white skin disease, within the 20-30 mg/kg fish meal fed with fluocin, fed for 3-5 days.
(6) Anchor head lice disease Visible parasites on the surface of the body of the fish, on the ridge or even in the mouth, with a 0.3-0.5 g / cubic meter 90% crystal trichlorfon Quanchiposa 1 time.
(7) Trichodontosis Examination of body surface mucus and sputum, there are many living trichomonas, can be diagnosed. Use 8 g/m3 of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate mixture (the ratio of 5:2) to bathe for 15-20 minutes. The method of operation is the same with white skin disease, and then hang a bag of medicine in the cage (with sieve cloth) Into), containing 100 grams of copper sulfate, 40 grams of ferrous sulfate, linked to 2 times.
Sixth, economic analysis
In Guangxi, with a water temperature of 28-32°C, after 55-60 days of breeding, the average weight of each tail is 0.4-0.5 kg, and the maximum is 0.6-0.8 kg per tail, which has reached the market size of commercial fish. The bait coefficient for feeding bait fish is generally 3-3.5, the bait fish is 1.2-1.4 kilograms, and the hybrid alfalfa wholesale price is 12-14 kilograms. After deducting other expenses, the profit per kilogram of fish is 2-4 yuan. Feeding formula feeds usually have a feed rate of 2.0-2.2. After deducting other expenses, they gain about 3 yuan per kg of fish.
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