In order to improve the health of the deer and ensure that the male deer of the following year is normally velvet, the deer is in normal pregnancy, and the baby is born, the deer herd feeding and management in the winter must be done.
One species of deer breeding management
1. Because the estrus mating body can consume a large amount, and the estrus impulse will also lead to a decrease in its feed intake, the cold environment will make it more necessary for the male deer to maintain its nutrition. At this time should provide nutritious, good palatability of feed, generally concentrate crude protein to 20% -23% more appropriate, can be fed 1-1.2 kg per day, crude feed freely. In addition, the proportion of concentrate feed in male deer feed should not be too high, so as not to affect its digestive function.
2. In order to promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients, the number of feedings during this period can be adjusted to 2 times during the day and 1 at night.
3. Pay attention to the protection of the male deer after the breeding is completed, and the male deer set aside from the deer's ring should be raised in a single circle to avoid being injured by other deer attacks.
4. Ensure adequate drinking water.
Second, the production of deer breeding management
1. Although the production of deer does not participate in mating, but its sexual impulses in the autumn and winter season has not weakened, such as high levels of nutrition will make the deer group energy is too strong, the performance of excitement, the intensity of the fighting increased, leading to casualties. Therefore, the amount of concentrate feeding should be reduced immediately after saw-velvet antler, and when the male deer fighting controversy is basically stopped, the amount of feeding is gradually increased, and the overall level of feed nutrition is improved. It is advisable to feed the deer on the wintering period with 1.2-1.25 kg of concentrate with an energy concentration of 16.72 MJ/kg and crude protein level of 16.5%.
2. To enhance the cold resistance of male deer and ensure safe wintering, the breeder can drive deer movement every morning.
3. The inside of the pens should be kept warm and kept dry, leaving enough mat grass in the shed.
4. The old, the weak, the sick deer and the "deceived deer" were set aside and kept in a timely manner.
Third, adult female deer feeding and management
The wintering adult doe is already in the middle and later stages of pregnancy. During this period, the doe needs not only to ingest nutrients for its metabolism and consumption, but also to provide nutrients and suitable environment for the rapidly developing fetus in the body.
1. During pregnancy, doe nutrition needs special emphasis on protein and calcium, phosphorus, selenium and other key trace elements, otherwise it is prone to fetal growth retardation, cartilage disease, abortion, deer white muscle disease or doe production defects.
2. The feed needs to be nutritious, small in size and good in palatability.
3. It is necessary to appropriately control the weight of the deer before going into production, so as to avoid the occurrence of dystocia due to over-fertilization by the deer.
4. Pregnancy management should pay attention to keeping the environment quiet and avoid damaging the deer's stress.
5. Avoid feeding too much silage late in pregnancy, so as to avoid the pH value of the mother deer is too low, leading to fetal miscarriage.
6. The principle of feed preparation is mainly based on coarse materials and supplemented by fine materials. According to the mid-pregnancy, the crude protein level was 16.5%, the total energy was 16.88 MJ/kg, the crude protein level was 20% at the end of pregnancy, and the total energy was 16.88 MJ/kg.
Fourth, deer feeding management
The first winter feeding and management after birth had a great influence on the growth and development of larvae and horn stalk germination, and even had a direct correlation with their lifetime production performance.
1. Feed full-fledged feeds with full nutrition and good palatability. In this period, we can learn from the successful feed formulation of ruminants such as cows and sheep.
2. Special attention should be paid to the changes in feed concentrates and ratios of raw materials to the deer, that is, as the deer grows, the proportion of diets for roughage gradually increases and the concentrate gradually declines, reaching a stable level at 4:6, which promotes ruminal development and increases nutrition in AEDs. Digestion and utilization of substances is extremely important.
3. The late-born Aberdeen deer had sparse hairs and weak resistance to the cold environment. Appropriate increase of bedding and thermal insulation work were performed.
V. Prevention and treatment of common diseases in winter
1. Hairy eating disorder: The survey found that the incidence of hairy disease in deer during the winter was high. Sampling analysis showed that except for certain relationships with parasites and skin diseases, low levels of nutrition and total amount were the main causes of the disease. When hairy disease is severe, the hair bulbs will block the digestive tract. At this time, liquid paraffin can be used to promote discharge. The prevention of trichodiosis is mainly based on nutritional standards, supplementing lysine, methionine, and trace elements such as sulfur and copper in feed.
2. Necrobacillus disease: Necrobacillus disease is also a common disease of the winter deer population, especially adult male deer, mainly due to the fierce competition between male deer during estrus and the formation of open trauma in the body including the hooves, and the onset of pathogen infection. The disease prevention measures: deer ring to avoid the presence of damaged debris Deer's hoof; use Necrophaga vaccine immunization. Treatment: Necrotic tissue was washed with 1% potassium permanganate solution or 3% suraul; injection of streptomycin or sulfa drugs to prevent secondary infection; case of severe morbidity and formation of swollen abscesses in hoofs and legs , You can surgically expose the wound cavity, drain the pus, debride with 3% hydrogen peroxide, and strengthen nursing.
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