The mallard is a typical representative of the waterfowl, and the mallard is the common name of the mallard in the northern hemisphere. The wild duck is a genus of birds, geese, and duck families; its number is very large and it is a popular name for many kinds of wild ducks. There are more than ten species. Wild ducks can make long-distance migration flights. The highest flying speed can reach 110km/h. The mallard in the narrow sense refers to the mallard duck, which is also known as the big green-headed duck, red-legged duck, and cannabis duck. It is the ancestor of the most common large-scale mallard duck and all domestic ducks other than the muscovy duck. It is currently the main target for artificial domestication. .
Construction site
1. Site selection: Wild duck houses should be built in barren mountain woodlands far away from residential areas, high ground, sunny leeward, relatively flat land, easy to prevent animal pests and conducive to the control of epidemic diseases.
2. Build Shed Sheds: The duck house is made of bamboo and wood to form a “person†shaped rack, with dripping water on both sides of 1,5m, covered with thatched grass, making it cool in winter and cool in summer. The size and length of the duck house are determined according to the number of ducks. Generally, there are 8 to 10 ducks per kilometer of rice. At the same time, sheds are erected in barren mountain forests for ducks to shelter from wind and rain and store feed. In addition, there should be enough activity venues to plant trees and grass, dig trenches and pools in the activity hall, and cultivate algae in the water.
3, fence net Skynet: The entire activity site Zhang net closed, the big net height of about 2m above the water surface, surrounded by a net to the bottom, and Skynet linked into a closed body to prevent wild ducks flee. The mesh size is 3cm3cm.
Variety selection
At present, it is most suitable for wild ducks to be fed artificially. The ducks are artificially domesticated and have a large body size. They are generally raised to 80 days of age, and the body weight is a meat standard of 1, 4 kg. The mother ducks began to lay eggs in more than five months and had an annual production of nearly 200 eggs. The taste of meat and eggs is still fresher than that of natural wild ducks in the Lake District. Especially, the fleshy meat does not have the smell of domestic duck and is loved by people.
Feed preparation
The nutritional requirements of wild duck feed are basically the same as those of domestic ducks. Under normal circumstances, special feed for ducks can be fed. If self-prepared feeds are used, the following formulas can be referenced:
1. Ducklings: 47%, 3% of corn, 15% of wheat, 10% of wheat bran, 22% of cottonseed cake, 4% of fishmeal, 1,5% of shell powder, 0, 2% of salt.
2. Adult ducks: 40,8% corn, 14, 5% wheat, 17,5% rice bran, 8% rice, 14% cottonseed cake, 4% fishmeal, 1% bone meal, 0, 2% salt.
3. Ducks: 35% corn, 15% rice bran, 36.8% rice, 10% cottonseed cake, 2% Wu powder, 1% bone meal, and 0. 2% salt before egg production. Egg production period 24%, rice bran 7%, rice 37%, cottonseed cake 21%, fish meal 5%, bone meal 3%, shell powder 2,7%, salt 0,3%.
Feeding management
1. Ducklings (1 to 30 days old): Generally, brooding is done on flats. Soft straw is laid on the ground and separated into small columns. Each column is about 2 square meters. Each column is installed with a heat lamp. It is 7 days old. Within each column keep 50 to 70. Pay attention to grasp the appropriate temperature, 1 to 3 days of age is 27 ~ 29 °C, 4 ~ 6 days of 25 ~ 26 °C, 7 ~ 10 days of 24 ~ 25 °C, 10 days after the 17 ~ 19 °C. Because ducklings like to get together to sleep, in order to prevent crushed to death, suffocating ducklings, to be on duty day and night, every hour hand gently fiddling to catch a heap. When you start eating, you need to drink water first, and then add appropriate amount of complex vitamin B preparation to your drinking water. Provide enough clean water for the mallard to drink freely. The number of feedings is generally 7 times a day for 10 days and 4 to 5 times for a day after 10 days of age. Each time a compound feed is fed, chopped young grasses, leaves and other green materials and kelp powder are added appropriately. As well as fresh fish, oysters and other live animals. 7 to 15 days old ducklings can be discharged in shallow water channels on sunny days, and water can be released in ponds after 15 days of age to facilitate healthy growth.
2, into the duck (31 to 80 days of age): In order to make ducks grow rapidly, the entire feeding period should be unlimited supply of compound feeds, allowing them to freely feed, and provide enough clean drinking water. After 50 days of age, ducks begin to learn to fly due to increased body fat and physiological changes. At this time, they must strictly prevent fleeing. The breeder should wear plain clothes to prevent outsiders from entering the yard and disturbing the duck population.
3. Ducks (after 80 days old): feed 2 to 3 times per day before laying eggs, feed them in the morning, let them feed in barren mountain woodland, eat more natural feeds, and feed them at noon or even before feeding at night. Feed it full. During the egg production period, the ducks produce more eggs and produce “wild†eggs. They should not feed their eggs every morning. They should put their ducks in a barren forest and eat natural feeds. At noon, they should have enough water to drink in the sheds. Return to duck and feed. During the laying period, some shallow nests must be made artificially on the ground, and soft straw should be placed on the ground to facilitate its production.
Disease prevention and control
Wild ducks are more resistant to diseases, but ducks are more concentrated in captivity and must be carefully controlled. Prevention of duck plague can be used duck plague attenuated vaccine, at the age of 20 days when each muscle 1ml: Prevention of duck cholera available bird flu vaccine, 30-40 days of age, each intramuscular injection of 2ml. Usually can be used sulfamethazine or sulfathiazole according to the proportion of 0,5% ~ 1% of the feed, even feed 3 to 5 days, stop after 10 days and then feed; can also be 0,01% potassium permanganate drinking water epidemic prevention effect well.
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