Tobacco mosaic disease symptoms and control methods of tobacco mosaic disease, tobacco mosaic disease is common in all tobacco-growing areas of the world, and there are occurrences in both north and south tobacco areas in China, especially in southern tobacco-growing areas, which can be seriously damaged from seedling stage to harvest stage. The incidence rate of on-site strains is generally 5-20%, individual fields can be as high as 90-100%, and the early onset losses can reach 50-70%, even losing. Let's take a look at the prevention and control of tobacco mosaic disease. Way!
Tobacco mosaic disease
After the tobacco plants were infected, the lateral veins and branch veins of the young leaves were translucent, and the mesophyll tissues on both sides of the veins gradually became pale green. The virus proliferates a lot in the leaf tissue, causing some mesophyll cells to increase or increase, and the leaves are thin and thick, and the color is yellow-green and yellow, and is in the form of mosaics.
After the flower leaf mottled degree increased, and now a large area of ​​dark brown necrotic plaque, especially in the middle and lower parts of the old leaves, the diseased leaves shrink, deformed, twisted. The early onset plants are shortened at internodes, severely dwarfed, and grow slowly. They are not able to flower well and are easy to fall off. The shaded fruit that can develop is small and shrinks, and the amount of seeds is small and small, and it is impossible to germinate.
Tobacco mosaic disease
Tobacco common mosaic disease mainly occurs in the seedling stage to the field bud stage. Temperature and illumination greatly affect the spread and prevalence of the disease. High temperature and glare can shorten the incubation period, continuous cropping or interplanting with Solanaceae crops. Increased, the incidence rate and the degree of disease increased significantly, unhygienic cultivation is an important cause of epidemics, touching between disease and healthy plants, applying unfertilized organic fertilizer, and carrying soil with virus can aggravate viral infection, soil compaction, The climate is dry, and the field where the nematodes are heavier is more serious.
Tobacco mosaic disease prevention and treatment method
- Select resistant varieties with strong growth potential, rapid development, and adapt to local conditions such as Liao 44, 6315, Guanghuang 54, 176, Nc89, G80, 8611, etc., pay attention to the breeding of high-resistance varieties. Carry out rotation, do not ask and intercropped with Solanaceae plants, and should be rotated with grass crops for 2 to 3 years. Mosaic disease occurs, timely application of quick-acting fertilizer, soil watering, promotion of straw opening and reducing disease.
- The seedbed should be used for more than 2 years without growing tobacco and Solanaceae plants, away from the vegetable plots, using seeds harvested from disease-free plants without diseased fields, or using 0.1% silver nitrate or 0.1-0.2% zinc sulfate, 0.1 The sodium trisodium phosphate solution was soaked for 10 minutes to remove the virus on the surface of the seed, and washed repeatedly after soaking the seeds. Before the seedlings and seedlings, wash the hands with soap. When operating, manage the seedlings first and find that the diseased plants are removed in time.
- Strengthen field management, it is strictly forbidden to move the infected tobacco seedlings into the field. The disease should be managed in the order of the first plant, and it should not be smoked during the operation. It is not appropriate to walk and touch repeatedly in the tobacco field. Apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and spray a variety of trace element fertilizers in time to improve the disease resistance of the plants. After transplanting, the seedlings are properly smelted, and the critical water is poured at the end of the group to promote plant growth.
- In the early stage of the disease, use 2% amino oligosaccharide 6000 times solution, or high-tech 32% nucleoside bromomorpholin èƒ 800 times solution, or 1.5% phytopathogenic emulsion l000 times solution or 10% virus king WP 600 times solution, rib % Huaye Ning WP can be sprayed 300-500 times, which can prevent and alleviate the virus.
- Aphids play a decisive role in the spread of common mosaic disease in tobacco. They are generally propagated in the form of parthenogenesis on tobacco for 15 to 17 generations. Therefore, in the prevention and control of aphids, it should be around March to April every year. Taoyuan, vegetables, weeds, etc. concentrate on spraying, killing the soot that has been or is being hatched and revived, thus achieving the purpose of prevention.
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