Immune T cells "fish" out of tumor cells with biological power
February 22, 2019 Source: Science and Technology Daily
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];By activating the function of immune T cells, immunotherapy can specifically recognize and destroy tumor cells. It is a difficult point in the field of immunology to analyze the recognition mechanism of immune T cell surface receptors on new antigens on tumor cells.
On the 21st, the reporter learned from Zhejiang University that the research team of Professor Chen Wei of the school's medical school and the team of the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qi Jizhong, published the latest research results in the international journal "Molecular Cell", revealing the accurate and specific recognition of T cell surface receptors. The molecular mechanism of non-antigen antigens provides basic theoretical and technical support for the search for new tumor antigens and T-cell immunotherapy based on new antigens.
As early as 2014, Professor Chen Wei issued a document stating that there is a specific interaction between TCR and agonistic antigen molecules, and that bio-energy can enhance this effect, thereby amplifying between “self†and “non-self†antigens. The difference.
In this research, Chen Wei led the team to explore the molecular mechanism in this process. They found that when T cells interact with "non-self" antigens through TCR molecules, the biological force causes the conformation of the "non-self" antigen to change and form a "reverse lock" with the TCR, and the TCR is more closely attached to the non-I antigen. And the interaction is enhanced; at the same time, for the "self" antigen, the above conformational change does not occur.
"This biological force is like a pull to the fishing rod when fishing - the fish and the hook are even tighter." Chen Wei introduced that "self" and "not me" without any effort. The binding time of antigen to TCR is similar; however, in the case of afterburning, the binding time of "non-I" antigen to TCR is more than ten times longer. Biotechnology triggers the conformational changes of antigen-presenting molecules, and multiple cascades amplify the difference between "self" and "non-self" antigens, helping TCR achieve accurate "non-self" antigen recognition.
Chen Wei said that the results of the study will promote the accurate prediction of future nascent antigens, the development of emerging immunotherapeutic drugs, and the optimization of clinical immunotherapy programs for diseases.
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