Cangzhou City, Jiangxi Province has the climatic conditions for the annual development of vegetable production, and in recent years, the development of greenhouse vegetables in Cangzhou City has become more and more rapid, but it cannot be effectively insulated in winter. Now I will learn how to use the circular arch shed and the second film in Cangzhou City, and use the heating block to warm in the cold weather, so that the tomato is protected from the cold weather and successfully winter.
1 Facility conditions
The steel pipe shed structure with a span of 18 m and a top height of 5.5 m is adopted, and the arch shed runs north-south. During the construction of the arch shed, hot-dip galvanized steel pipe (diameter 32 mm, thickness 2 mm) was welded as the main support at a height of 2.2 m, and the steel wire was pulled as a whole support. The second film was laid on the steel frame and steel wire (diameter 1.6 mm). On the top, the flattening can be done, and a skirt is added to both ends of the north and south, and the ground is tightly sealed to the ground. The second membrane is set at a height of 2.2 m, which is suitable for operations such as vines that do not affect the tomato.
2 Soil improvement
10m3 of organic fertilizer per 667m2, 2000kg of rice husk, 80kg of biological bacterial fertilizer, after deep turning, 10 sputum, 30cm high, and 1.6m wide. On the one hand, sorghum cultivation can enlarge the light-receiving area, absorb more heat during the day, and increase the ground temperature; on the other hand, it can form a deep loose soil layer that is conducive to the growth and development of vegetables to ensure the normal growth of roots.
3 selection and planting
The varieties with low temperature and low light resistance and strong resistance to stress are selected. They are planted on October 25, planted by double-row misplacement, plant spacing is 40 cm, and 2,000 plants are planted per 667 m2. After planting, micro-nozzle belts are laid on the ridges. Transplant water.
4 pruning management
After the tomato was planted, it began to enter the flowering period on November 10th. The single-stalk pruning was adopted, and the side branches were all removed from the base to maintain the growth advantage of the top of the plant. The bio-sourced agent is used for spraying, and the first ear has 2~3 fruits, and the 2~7 ears have 4~5 fruits.
5 Water and fertilizer management
In the winter, the air humidity in Zhangzhou area is large and the evaporation is small. In order to control the humidity in the shed, all the water and fertilizer are applied by micro-spraying after the planting water is planted. After the fruit setting, the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is applied for 4~10kg/667m2 every 20~30 days. 2 times combined with seaweed fertilizer or biological fertilizer 1kg/667m2.
The soil in Cangzhou City is acidic, and the low temperature in winter is not conducive to the absorption and transportation of calcium fertilizer. The fruit is sprayed with 1 000 times solution of boron and calcium to prevent umbilical rot caused by calcium deficiency and promote fruit expansion.
6 Pest management
Pests and diseases are mainly based on prevention. By suspending the yellow plate and spraying the spirotetramat in three consecutive times, the density of the whitefly mites is controlled to a very low range. The main diseases of wintering cultivation are gray mold and bacterial ulcer disease. Botrytis cinerea is controlled by rotation of chlorpyrifos, procymidone, iprodione, pyrimethanil, etc., and bacterial ulcer disease is passed through chlorobromo-isocyanurate. The use of acid, thiazolone, zinc thiazole, copper hydroxide, etc. is controlled by rotation. On a rainy day, use a precision electric powder sprayer with a special micro-powder agent to spray the powder after the closing of the tuyere in the evening to prevent and control, and achieve good control effect without increasing the humidity in the shed.
7 temperature regulation
After entering December, the temperature gradually decreased, and the actual observation temperature was as low as 0 °C in a few days, so the membrane insulation should be turned off at night. In the morning, after switching for a small air vent for 0.5 h, the tuyere should be closed in time to properly raise the temperature to ensure the temperature required for tomato growth; when the temperature inside the membrane reaches 28 °C, the membrane is opened to ventilate and cool down, and then opened. The top wind is ventilated; when the temperature is lower than 20 °C, the two membranes are closed in time for heat preservation. Through the insulation of the two membranes, the tomato in the greenhouse experienced three strong cooling weather without being affected.
8 emergency heating
When encountering a strong cold current, even if the two membranes are closed, the night temperature in the shed is lower than 10 °C. At this time, it is necessary to use the heating block for heating, and 4 to 8 blocks for the heating block per 667 m2, in the middle operation line The surface is lit. The effect of cold current on tomato can be solved by heating. According to the actual observation results, when the temperature outside the shed falls to -5 °C, the temperature is raised at around 23:00, and the temperature in the shed can be increased by 2~3 °C for a duration of 3~5 h; 3:00 and then warm up to ensure no problems. According to the winter cooling situation in Chenzhou, the whole winter is heated about 20 times.
9 Fruit harvesting
The tomato began to mature in mid-January in the following year, and the mature fruit was harvested in time. It was matured 2 years before the Lunar New Year, and the whole fruit was fully matured in late March.
The above is the technical content of the whole fruit that can be fully matured in the Zhangzhou area with the two-film tomato in the shed. Let's see if there is any place worth learning in your area!
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