Farmers who grow peppers know that at the seedling stage, peppers are most prone to aging seedlings and long seedlings. Once they appear, they are not conducive to the formation of strong seedlings, which will have a great impact on the yield of pepper. Therefore, when farmers are raising seedlings, they need to avoid the appearance of aging seedlings and long seedlings. The following small series will analyze these two phenomena one by one.
First, aging seedlings
1, the symptoms of aging seedlings
The aging seedlings are also called dead seedlings, small old seedlings, etc. The pepper plants are short and thin, the internodes are short, the stems are thin and hard and purple, the leaves are small and thick, the color is dark green or yellow, the quality is hard and brittle without toughness, the root system Aging, new roots are few and short, the color is dark, and the rooting phenomenon often occurs with nutrient seedlings. After colonization, the growth is slow, the flowering result is late, and it is easy to prematurely decay.
2. Reasons for aging seedlings
Seedbed soil shortage (nitrogen) fertilizer, or soil drought, soil is sticky, or use clay loam to prepare seedbed soil, or the arch shed on the seedbed is low, or the nutrient area is too small, or blindly pursue the cultivation of seedlings with long seedlings (even It is easy to induce aging seedlings if it is planted with fruit or excessively controlled temperature control seedlings.
3. Preventive measures for aging seedlings
(1) Prepare fertile, loose and water-retaining seedbed soil, maintain the proper temperature in the seedbed and let the seedlings see more light, and timely seedlings and dumplings.
(2) Pour the bottom water and seedling water, and add watering at the seedling stage in time to avoid drought. In the seedling stage (the seedlings have 3 true leaves to colonize), the water should not be lack of water. Ensure the water supply, pour the bottom of the water, avoid dry, look at the sky, see the ground, look at the seedlings to determine whether to water. When watering is required, spray water can be sprayed with warm water. The amount of water should be wet during the day and dry at night. After watering, pay attention to the release of air and moisture. In the sunny days, windy days, in the middle of the seedbed, you can pour some water as appropriate.
(3) Look at the leaf color top dressing. When the leaf color is yellow, mix 2 parts urea and 1 part potassium dihydrogen phosphate, then dilute the water to 500 times to water the seedbed.
(4) Increase the seedling distance in a timely manner, and increase the distance between nursery nurseries when there are 5-7 true leaves in the seedlings.
(5) Cooling and refining seedlings, about 7 days before planting, gradually reduce the temperature of the seedbed and increase the amount of air release, so that the environmental conditions in the seedbed are close to the planting environment.
4. Remedial measures for aging seedlings
The grower can spray the aging pepper seedlings with 10-30 mg/kg gibberellin solution, and do not colonize the severely aging seedlings.
Second, the long seedlings
1, the symptoms of the long seedlings
The stems of the plants are long and stalks grow, the internodes grow, the stems are yellow-green, the cotyledons fall off early, the leaves are large and thin, the texture is soft, the leaves are pale green or yellow-green, the petiole is longer, and the roots are weaker. After planting, the seedlings are slow, and the hair is late, and the disease is susceptible to freezing, falling flowers and falling fruits.
2, the reason for the long seedlings
Partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, or sowing too dense, or the spacing of cutting seedlings is too small, or the temperature in the seedbed is not timely, causing excessive temperature and humidity, or insufficient light in the seedbed (such as even rainy days), etc., are easy to cause long seedlings.
3. Preventive measures for the seedlings
According to the growth stages of the seedlings (especially after the seedlings are unearthed and before planting), the temperature in the seedbed is maintained and the seedlings are more visible. Time, seedlings and downfalls. Reasonably replenish the moisture in the seedbed, but avoid excessive humidity.
4. Remedial measures for Changchang Miao
If the seedlings of pepper are prolonged, use a solution of 200 mg/L of chlormequat in the morning and evening, spray 1-2 times as appropriate, taking care not to water for 1-2 days after spraying.
The above is the phenomenon of aging seedlings and long-term seedlings during the nursery period and the preventive and remedial measures. During the planting process, the two major phenomena will affect their normal growth. As long as the farmers have mastered the above preventive and remedy measures, they will be able to effectively prevent the emergence of aging shoots and long seedlings.
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