By drying the material being processed, the calcination or heat treatment and the hot air of the current are achieved by rotating the cylinder. The riser or mating cylinder lift and the cascading material circulate through the inner surface of the hot air stream. The air flows into the same direction (besidestream) that can pass through the material in the cylinder, or in the opposite direction (countercurrent).
The most common drying application used in downstream systems. The counterflow system is more efficient in energy input, but produces high temperatures in the product and handles related problems. Cooling of the cold air or the water bath or spray nozzle of the external cooling device can also be passed through. Dry air that can be heated can be passed directly through a burner of petroleum, natural gas or solid fuel, or indirectly through a suitable heat exchanger, with steam or other heating medium.
The drying temperature in the range of less than 100 degrees Celsius to 700 degrees Celsius inevitably includes a significant amount of fine particles from any drying operation. This particulate cross-contamination may be passed through a high efficiency cyclone or bag filter or wet scrubber or any combination of these, depending on the nature and amount of dust involved. The exhaust stream can also contain a significant amount of residual heat energy from any drying process. This part of the energy can be recovered through the exhaust gas stream, after proper cleaning, heat recovery unit.
The purpose is not only to remove heat directly from the exhaust gas, such units, but also to design the latent heat of recovery of condensed water vapor or other volatiles. Clean warm air can be delivered from the heat recovery unit to the dryer inlet air heater, reducing energy input during the overall drying process.
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