When the trees were pruned, we often saw such scenes. The pruners did not look at them until they were pruned. They cut and saw them again. We called it “blind pruningâ€. The science of pruning should be to turn around the trees before pruning, so that "six see."
"Look at" security is to look at the security of the work environment. In work, human safety is the first priority. Therefore, before pruning, we must first look at whether the working environment is safe, including whether there are hanging objects on the tree, whether the trunk is rot or chapped, whether there are large dry branches on the tree, Insect pests, etc., and whether there are high voltage lines and other obstacles near the trees. The trimming operation can only be performed after eliminating the safety hazards.
The "second look" environment is to look at the growth of trees. Except solitary tree planting, most garden trees do not exist in isolation. Some trees are planted by the same tree species, and some trees are mixed with other tree species. Therefore, before we trim, we must look at the contradiction between the trees and the surrounding trees. If trees are crowded, branches overlap or overlap, or there are tendencies to weed closure, we must use pruning to reduce the crown width of the trees, maintain the relatively independent growth space of different trees, and ease the contradictions of the closure of the canopy; If the space for growth is large, you can use pruning to open the angle of the branches and further expand the crown to make full use of space.
There are many kinds of garden trees in the “Three Looks†tree species. Branches and flowering habits of different trees are different, and their methods of pruning are different. Therefore, look at the tree species before trimming. For example, cedar, cypress, and Metasequoia have obvious apical dominance and can form a conical tree with a central leading edge. When pruning, it is necessary to ensure the absolute growth advantage of the main cusp. Otherwise, trees lose their ornamental value. Peach and other light tree species should try to open the angle of the branches to form an open, happy-shaped tree, in order to facilitate the ventilation of the internal convulsions, the formation of more flower buds, to achieve three-dimensional flowering. The umbrella-shaped tree, such as the clawed dragonfly, has to be cut into an open umbrella shape because its branches have a habit of opening and falling. Different tree species, pruning ability is not the same, such as Platanus, Euonymus japonicus, etc. has a strong sprouting ability to send branches, able to withstand multiple pruning; Indus, Magnolia and other budding hair is weak or calli ability, should be less trim or Only light trimming.
The "four look" tree ages are different and the pruning method is different. If it is a sapling, in order to form a good tree structure as soon as possible, the extension branches of the backbone branches at all levels should be based on short cuts to promote new shoots. For branches other than the backbone sticks, light and short cuts should be used to facilitate the accumulation of nutrients and flower bud differentiation should be carried out as soon as possible. At the same time, saplings generally have a strong growth potential. After heavy cutting, they often cause the autumn shoots to stop growing in time, and the development is not substantial, reducing the ability to resist cold and forming shoots. Adult trees are in a vigorous flowering and solid stage. First of all, the contradiction between growth and flowering results should be regulated so that the vegetative and flowering branches maintain a certain proportion, prevent the flowering phenomenon from occurring every other year, and also prevent premature flower failure due to excessive flowering. Secondly, in order to prolong the adult stage of flowers and trees, it is necessary to constantly update the pruning to prevent the premature decay of flowers and trees. For older trees, the annual growth of shoots is less than the amount of dead plants due to the reduced growth potential. Therefore, heavy cutting should be carried out to reduce the amount of flowering, reduce nutrient consumption, and stimulate the tree to draw new branches to restore growth potential.
The "five-seeing" tree-trend usually judges the growth of trees from two aspects. One is to look at the length and number of extensions on the periphery of the tree crown. If the length of the extension around the crown is about 50 cm, and the number of branches of this length is about 15% of the total number of annual branches, it indicates that the growth of the tree is normal. If the length is less than 50 centimeters or the proportion is less than 15%, the tree vigor is weak. When pruning, heavier and shorter cuts should be made to reduce the amount of flowers, and to concentrate nutrition and promote the development of strong branches; if the length is greater than 50 centimeters or The proportion is more than 15%, indicating that the tree vigor is strong. When pruning, it should be properly lightly cut, leaving more flower buds, multiple short branches, and moderate tree vigor.
The "six-seeing" tree structure "Everything grows on the sun," and the greater the photosynthesis area of ​​trees, the more nutrients they produce, the more robust the tree grows, the more flowering and fruiting, and the better the ecological and ornamental effects. . Practice has proved that the “three rare and three dense†canopy structure can maximize the photosynthesis area of ​​the canopy. "Three rare and three secrets," that is, the distribution of various branches on the canopy is "dilute lower dense, outer thin dense inner dense, large branch thin branches dense". The “three rare and three dense†tree crowns are light and airy, which is conducive to the supply of carbon dioxide and the use of light in the canopy. It can increase the number of flowering branches, achieve three-dimensional flowering, and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
Pruning exists as a special technology for the management and maintenance of garden trees. It is not a simple manual labor. Therefore, we must not blindly operate, but must comprehensively consider various factors and conduct scientific pruning so that we can receive the expected results.
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