Strawberry soilless cultivation refers to cultivation methods in which strawberry plants are placed in an aqueous solution or a nutrient solution containing a plurality of nutrient elements and cultivated and matured. The following Chinese pesticides first network small series for everyone to introduce greenhouse strawberry how to carry out soilless cultivation?
How to carry out soilless cultivation of greenhouse strawberries?
Soilless cultivation of greenhouse strawberries:
First, establish a cultivation tank. The cultivation trough is 20 centimeters high and 65 centimeters wide. It is surrounded by red bricks, and the width of the work channel between the troughs is 35 centimeters. The bottom of the cultivation trough and a layer of 0.1 mm polyethylene plastic film are completely separated from the soil to prevent the spread of pests and diseases. The matrix was mixed thoroughly with 55% crushed corn stover, 25% boiler slag, and 20% sawdust.
Second, fertilizer and water conditions. In soilless cultivation, the crop must have a sufficient supply of nutrients. We use the disinfected decomposed chicken manure and bean cake to be mixed in a ratio of 2:1. About 15 kg per cubic meter of the cultivation substrate is used as base fertilizer. Before mixing the uniform matrix into the cultivation tank, place 1-2 plastic droppers in each cultivation tank, and connect the outdoor tap water through branch pipes and trunk pipes, and set up independent control valves in each greenhouse.
Third, the adjustment of the pH of nutrient solution
The pH of the cultivated strawberry nutrient solution is ideally maintained between 5.5 and 6.5, and can be measured periodically using a portable pH meter. If the pH is too high, an appropriate amount of phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid should be added for neutralization. If it is a hard water area, a mixture of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid can be used for neutralization. When the pH is too low, ie, acidic, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide can be added. with. The pH adjustment period is preferably 1-2 weeks, and it is found that the pH is not suitable for immediate adjustment in the reservoir.
Fourth, the management of temperature
Pre-emergence buds: During the day, the temperature is maintained at 24-30°C, over 30°C, and the air is automatically cooled; at night, it is maintained at 8-10°C.
Bud stage: The daytime temperature is maintained at 25-28°C and 8-12°C at night.
Flowering period: daytime temperature is kept at 22-25°C and nighttime is 8°C-12°C. If the flowering period experiences low temperature below -2°C, stamen anthers will turn black and pistil stigma discoloration, which seriously affects pollination fertilization and strawberry's early yield. .
Fruit enlargement and maturity: During the day, the greenhouse is maintained at 20-25°C and 8-12°C at night. During this period, the greenhouse was too high, and fruit enlargement was affected, resulting in fast fruit coloration and early maturation, but the fruit was small and of poor quality.
Fifth, artificial pollination
The strawberry is self-pollinated, but cross-pollination can significantly increase yield and quality. The probability of cross-pollination can be increased by means of bee-keeping, flowering period ventilation, artificial spotting and collocation cultivation. Usually put 1-2 boxes of bees per mu of greenhouse, the total number of bees is 10,000-20,000, to ensure that a strawberry has more than one bee, you can also use the brush to paint on the open flowers after 10am, so that The pollen in the dehiscence flower evenly spills onto the entire receptacle. Or use a fan to fan the flowers on the plant to conduct supplementary pollination.
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