Grafting breeding technology
1. Definition Grafting and propagation is the method of grafting part of the plant (scion) to another plant (rootstock) and culturing them into individual individuals after healing.
2. Methods Grafting methods can be broadly divided into three types: branching, budding and splicing.
(1) There are many kinds of grafts, such as cut joints, splicing joints, abdomen joints, butt joints and tongue joints.
1 cut connection method:
Range: Cuts are mostly used for open-plan woody flowers. Period: It is often done when the top buds have just sprouted in spring and the shoots have not yet been smoked.
Because the sap in the branches begins to flow at this time, the interface is easily healed and the survival rate of grafting is high.
Method: Cut the rootstock 15 to 20 cm from the ground at the cut off, and flattened the cut surface, in the north side of the rootstock section on the side of the wood with a longitudinal crack slightly split, deep 2 to 3MI meters. Select the branches that are full of annual ones for scioning, cut the middle section of the branch and grow it to a length of 6 to 10 cm, and the section of lotus root needs to have 2 or more buds. Cut the base of the scion into two slanting planes of different sizes. One side is about 3 centimeters long and the other side is about 1 centimeter long. The noodles should be smooth, and it is best to cut into one. Then cut the long face of the scion inwards, insert it into the incision of the rootstock, and align the forming layers on both sides with each other (for example, the scion is fine, as long as one side forms a layer alignment), and finally cut the rootstock slightly. The skin with a xylem is wrapped around the scion, and the interface is tied tightly from below with a plastic strip. To prevent the scion from draining, it is best to use a plastic bag to put the scion together with the connector and remove it after the sprouting of the scion.
2 connection method:
Scope: more often used for some cutting difficulties, using cutting method and splicing method is not easy to survive the evergreen woody flowers, such as the use of magnolia as the rootstock to connect Prynne, using black pine to meet five pine, quasi-vs. Sweet-scented osmanthus, with ordinary camellia by Yunnan Camellia.
Period: It should be carried out in the growing season but it should not be carried out in the rainy season and in the sky.
Method: First, rootstock flowers and plants are planted in pots. After the new root grows, the pot rootstock is placed on the tree right of the scion mother plant, or placed on a stool to allow it to bear a branch on the scion mother plant. Closer to each other, so someone called it a bench. When selecting the scion, it should be selected to be close to the thickness of the main stock, and then cut into a spindle-shaped incision in the appropriate part of the scion, 3 to 5 cm long, to the depth of the wood, and then at the same height of the rootstock cut and the same shape of the scion, Equally sized incisions are then aligned with the layers, closely combined, and then fastened with plastic strips. If the widths of the two incisions are not equal, one layer can be formed on one side and tightly fastened. After about 3 months, it will heal, and then cut the scion below the interface and the rootstock above the interface.
(2) Buds coverage range: Buds have a high survival rate, save the scion, the method is simple, and suitable for the use of the rootstock and scion are relatively small. However, the flowers used for budding must be easily peeled, and most of the flowers of the family Rosaceae can be propagated by budding.
Period: The time for budding varies depending on the region and the flowers. The north of the Yangtze River Basin is mostly carried out in the middle or late August. The southern provinces are mostly carried out in the middle and early September. Because the flower plants are most easily peeled during this time, the sap flow in the body is relatively strong, the nutrient content is concentrated in the branches, and there are full and abundant axillary buds, so the survival rate is high.
Methods: There are two main methods of bud grafting: thicker branches, more use of "'Ding a" shaped buds; branches are smaller, should be embedded buds.
"D" shape buds, scion selection of the year full of rich branches. Above the axillary buds must be fully developed and dormant state, after the first strip of the blade after the cut, but must retain the petiole, then wrapped in wet sack ready to graft When grafting, first cut a knife about 0.5 centimeters above the bud, reach deep into the xylem, and cut it from the bottom of the bud about 0.5 centimeters (deeply up to the xylem) upwards, so that the buds become narrower and narrower in shape. Cut the noodles smooth and use your fingernails to peel away the xylem inside the buds. Then on the north side of the rootstock seedlings is between 10-15cm from the ground. Choose a relatively smooth leather surface and cut a "D" shaped incision in the phloem. The size is the same as the length of the bud. In the D-shaped interface, the upper cut of the shield-shaped bud piece closely matches the cut of the “D†shape on the rootstock, and finally it is fixed with a plastic strip. When tying, pay attention to the petiole and buds outside.
This method is commonly used for rose flowers such as Chinese rose and plum blossoms. In addition, flowers and trees that are full of buds and sprouts can be formed on the branches of the year. Most of them can be propagated using the bud connection method. If the skin of these flowers and trees is not easily peeled off, budding can be carried out by using a splicing method.
The difference between the "bud" and "J" shaped bud connection is that the former cuts a piece of cortex on the rootstock according to the shape of the budding bud, instead of wrapping the bud of the scion in the cortex of the rootstock like the "f" bud. Inside, it is attached to the xylem of the rootstock.
The shape of buds embedded in buds can be based on the size of their affinities with the rootstocks. Buds must not contain xylem, and the size and shape of the peel on the rootstock must match that of the bud so that the four sides of the bud can be tightly fitted together. Otherwise, they cannot survive. Other requirements are basically the same as those of the "D" shape.
(3) Flat grafting When cutting, the top of the rootstock is first trimmed with a sharp knife, and then the stem with a 30-degree angle is slanted off along with the outer skin. The purpose of this is to prevent the stem from being cut at the cut of the rootstock. After dry shrinkage, the outer edge of the leathery cortex opens the scion so that it cannot be affiliated. When grafting, many jw take the ball that was born around the old ball to do the scion. When the book is taken, it must be cut with a knife. If the book is hard, it will often be extracted and scrapped. The incision under the scion is located about 1/4 below the sphere. The cut surface must be flat and cannot be skewed. Immediately place it on the cut surface of the rootstock, align the center pith, and finally bind and fix it.
There are many methods for tying and fixing the scion, but the nylon thread must be used instead of the cotton thread, and the cotton thread becomes loose after being damped. After grafting, in order to prevent the incision from drying out quickly and impede affinity, it should be covered with a plastic bag to moisturize, and it can also prevent water droplets from roting above the incision. After 40 days, remove the plastic bag and remove the ties after 60 days.
1. Definition Grafting and propagation is the method of grafting part of the plant (scion) to another plant (rootstock) and culturing them into individual individuals after healing.
2. Methods Grafting methods can be broadly divided into three types: branching, budding and splicing.
(1) There are many kinds of grafts, such as cut joints, splicing joints, abdomen joints, butt joints and tongue joints.
1 cut connection method:
Range: Cuts are mostly used for open-plan woody flowers. Period: It is often done when the top buds have just sprouted in spring and the shoots have not yet been smoked.
Because the sap in the branches begins to flow at this time, the interface is easily healed and the survival rate of grafting is high.
Method: Cut the rootstock 15 to 20 cm from the ground at the cut off, and flattened the cut surface, in the north side of the rootstock section on the side of the wood with a longitudinal crack slightly split, deep 2 to 3MI meters. Select the branches that are full of annual ones for scioning, cut the middle section of the branch and grow it to a length of 6 to 10 cm, and the section of lotus root needs to have 2 or more buds. Cut the base of the scion into two slanting planes of different sizes. One side is about 3 centimeters long and the other side is about 1 centimeter long. The noodles should be smooth, and it is best to cut into one. Then cut the long face of the scion inwards, insert it into the incision of the rootstock, and align the forming layers on both sides with each other (for example, the scion is fine, as long as one side forms a layer alignment), and finally cut the rootstock slightly. The skin with a xylem is wrapped around the scion, and the interface is tied tightly from below with a plastic strip. To prevent the scion from draining, it is best to use a plastic bag to put the scion together with the connector and remove it after the sprouting of the scion.
2 connection method:
Scope: more often used for some cutting difficulties, using cutting method and splicing method is not easy to survive the evergreen woody flowers, such as the use of magnolia as the rootstock to connect Prynne, using black pine to meet five pine, quasi-vs. Sweet-scented osmanthus, with ordinary camellia by Yunnan Camellia.
Period: It should be carried out in the growing season but it should not be carried out in the rainy season and in the sky.
Method: First, rootstock flowers and plants are planted in pots. After the new root grows, the pot rootstock is placed on the tree right of the scion mother plant, or placed on a stool to allow it to bear a branch on the scion mother plant. Closer to each other, so someone called it a bench. When selecting the scion, it should be selected to be close to the thickness of the main stock, and then cut into a spindle-shaped incision in the appropriate part of the scion, 3 to 5 cm long, to the depth of the wood, and then at the same height of the rootstock cut and the same shape of the scion, Equally sized incisions are then aligned with the layers, closely combined, and then fastened with plastic strips. If the widths of the two incisions are not equal, one layer can be formed on one side and tightly fastened. After about 3 months, it will heal, and then cut the scion below the interface and the rootstock above the interface.
(2) Buds coverage range: Buds have a high survival rate, save the scion, the method is simple, and suitable for the use of the rootstock and scion are relatively small. However, the flowers used for budding must be easily peeled, and most of the flowers of the family Rosaceae can be propagated by budding.
Period: The time for budding varies depending on the region and the flowers. The north of the Yangtze River Basin is mostly carried out in the middle or late August. The southern provinces are mostly carried out in the middle and early September. Because the flower plants are most easily peeled during this time, the sap flow in the body is relatively strong, the nutrient content is concentrated in the branches, and there are full and abundant axillary buds, so the survival rate is high.
Methods: There are two main methods of bud grafting: thicker branches, more use of "'Ding a" shaped buds; branches are smaller, should be embedded buds.
"D" shape buds, scion selection of the year full of rich branches. Above the axillary buds must be fully developed and dormant state, after the first strip of the blade after the cut, but must retain the petiole, then wrapped in wet sack ready to graft When grafting, first cut a knife about 0.5 centimeters above the bud, reach deep into the xylem, and cut it from the bottom of the bud about 0.5 centimeters (deeply up to the xylem) upwards, so that the buds become narrower and narrower in shape. Cut the noodles smooth and use your fingernails to peel away the xylem inside the buds. Then on the north side of the rootstock seedlings is between 10-15cm from the ground. Choose a relatively smooth leather surface and cut a "D" shaped incision in the phloem. The size is the same as the length of the bud. In the D-shaped interface, the upper cut of the shield-shaped bud piece closely matches the cut of the “D†shape on the rootstock, and finally it is fixed with a plastic strip. When tying, pay attention to the petiole and buds outside.
This method is commonly used for rose flowers such as Chinese rose and plum blossoms. In addition, flowers and trees that are full of buds and sprouts can be formed on the branches of the year. Most of them can be propagated using the bud connection method. If the skin of these flowers and trees is not easily peeled off, budding can be carried out by using a splicing method.
The difference between the "bud" and "J" shaped bud connection is that the former cuts a piece of cortex on the rootstock according to the shape of the budding bud, instead of wrapping the bud of the scion in the cortex of the rootstock like the "f" bud. Inside, it is attached to the xylem of the rootstock.
The shape of buds embedded in buds can be based on the size of their affinities with the rootstocks. Buds must not contain xylem, and the size and shape of the peel on the rootstock must match that of the bud so that the four sides of the bud can be tightly fitted together. Otherwise, they cannot survive. Other requirements are basically the same as those of the "D" shape.
(3) Flat grafting When cutting, the top of the rootstock is first trimmed with a sharp knife, and then the stem with a 30-degree angle is slanted off along with the outer skin. The purpose of this is to prevent the stem from being cut at the cut of the rootstock. After dry shrinkage, the outer edge of the leathery cortex opens the scion so that it cannot be affiliated. When grafting, many jw take the ball that was born around the old ball to do the scion. When the book is taken, it must be cut with a knife. If the book is hard, it will often be extracted and scrapped. The incision under the scion is located about 1/4 below the sphere. The cut surface must be flat and cannot be skewed. Immediately place it on the cut surface of the rootstock, align the center pith, and finally bind and fix it.
There are many methods for tying and fixing the scion, but the nylon thread must be used instead of the cotton thread, and the cotton thread becomes loose after being damped. After grafting, in order to prevent the incision from drying out quickly and impede affinity, it should be covered with a plastic bag to moisturize, and it can also prevent water droplets from roting above the incision. After 40 days, remove the plastic bag and remove the ties after 60 days.
salvia miltiorrhiza extract
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