In recent years, the cultivation of morel has become an industry in many areas to get rid of poverty. At the same time, the cultivation technology of morel is also a common method used by many growers. What are the advantages and precautions of the coating technology of the morel coating? What?
1 Advantages of film cultivation technology
1.1 Anti-mite and moisturizing
Morel and other edible fungi are basically the same and will be sensitive to the water content of the base. Usually, the cultivation of morel is done in the field, and the whole process is half-time. At this stage, soil moisture will have a great impact on the growth of hyphae, and the quality of the bacteria will have a great impact on the final yield. In China, the time of bacteria in many areas is concentrated in autumn and winter. At this stage, precipitation is relatively small, and there are often strong winds in the north. It is prone to soil erosion and will have a great impact on the development of hyphae. In the south of the Yangtze River, the rainfall is relatively abundant. In some places, it is often rainy and rainy. The soil moisture is relatively high. The oxygen content of the soil is seriously insufficient. The normal development of mycelium is greatly affected, and even the bacteria are rotted. Case. The fluctuation of the water content of the coated soil is effectively avoided, and the rainwater can flow along the mulch to the ditch, and even for a long period of rain, the hyphae on the crotch surface will not be damaged.
1.2 Protect from light and reduce weeds
The development of morel hyphae does not require any light, and strong light may affect the normal production of hyphae, which is why black shading nets have always been used. The morel hyphae grow rapidly under a darker background, and the hyphae are strong and dense. The current field cultivation, especially in Hubei and Sichuan, is carried out in rice fields. With the arrival of spring, the weeds in the fields grow rapidly. When the morel mushrooms are produced, many pests and diseases are produced and propagated in the weeds, affecting the light and ventilation effects, causing the malformation of the morel, which greatly increases the difficulty of picking. Overgrown grass also causes high temperature and high humidity in small environments, which makes the morel fungus and bacteria harm. The black mulch will block the light and have a great impact on the normal growth of weeds.
1.3 Accelerated accumulated temperature
Although there is no scientific data to clarify the shortest accumulated temperature of different types of morel, investigations have shown that covering the mulch can reduce the mushroom cycle and prematurely produce mushrooms. The reason why the mulch film can accelerate the accumulated temperature is mainly because the mulch film can absorb more sunlight, increase the temperature of the soil, and reduce the loss of soil heat. After measurement, we realized that covering the mulch can ensure that the soil temperature increases by 2 to 5 degrees Celsius, which is especially effective in covering the white mulch, and then the semi-permeable membrane, the black mulch is relatively ineffective. Covering the mulch can help the hyphae of the morel in the autumn and winter, to ensure the hyphae can develop better, lengthen the production cycle, and reduce the mushroom cycle.
1.4 Accelerating the mushroom
Like more than other strains, morel needs to change the environment to achieve the completion of the mushroom. Environmental conditions are mainly moisture, carbon dioxide, temperature and light. Covering the mulch film can ensure the heat preservation during the germination period, and the temperature difference between day and night is relatively small. If the film is removed, the temperature difference can be increased to make the hyphae differentiate into mushrooms. Covered with a layer of black mulch, long-term mushrooming, tearing off the film, stimulating by strong light, can promote the differentiation of mycelium. In addition, the environment is closed after the film is coated, and the oxygen is dehydrated for a long time. After the film is removed, the concentration of carbon dioxide and oxygen is consistent with the average value of the outside, and the mycelium is actively promoted to differentiate into mushrooms.
2 Analysis of the precautions for the cultivation technology of the morel film
Morel is a very precious ingredient with a lot of nutritional value. The conditions in the growth process are also harsh. In the process of cultivation, special attention is needed.
2.1 Do a good job of temperature control
When the cultivation of the morel is carried out, especially after the film is covered, if the awning has not been established in time, the temperature of the mushroom bed will increase rapidly under the clear weather, under the action of the white film. The temperature rises faster, which has a certain effect on the mycelial viability of morel. Therefore, when using the laminating technology, it is necessary to delay the sowing time of morel by a week or so, and to build the awning in advance, it is best to use a white mulch of uniform thickness.
2.2 Do a good job of ventilation
Under the action of the film, the growth environment of morel is relatively closed. In order to effectively avoid the occurrence of hypoxia, the ground film is placed at a distance higher than the distance between the film. However, in the season when the morel is planted, when there is more rainy weather, the film needs to be considered according to the actual situation. If the rainy weather continues, there is no need to uncover the film. When the humidity of the soil is very suitable, the film uncovering work can be completed.
2.3 Control the time of film uncovering
Under the use of laminating technology, the cultivation of morel is better, but it is very necessary to uncover the ventilation of the film. It is also very important to control the time of uncovering the film. In general, the need to uncover the film needs to control the ten to twenty days before the mushroom is released. When the film is uncovered, it can also be moisturized and hydrated. This has a great advantage in speeding up the mushrooming. The underground has been formed, so the time to uncover the film should be slow, so that it can effectively avoid the appearance of temperature difference, resulting in the death of young mushrooms. In practice, it is more feasible to perforate the membrane, so that the membrane environment and the membrane environment are relatively close. After three to five days, the membrane can be uncovered. It should be noted that the humidity needs to be controlled at 85. % to 95%.
In general, strengthening the research and analysis of the coating technology of Morchella mulch has a great advantage in promoting the increase of the production of morel and satisfying the demand of more consumers for morel. As a grower of morel, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the cultivation techniques of morel, to improve the cultivation quality of morel, and to enhance the economic benefits of the growers.
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