Hericium erinaceus is a fungus that is both medicinal and edible. It is flat, sweet, and helps to digest, nourish, fight cancer, and treat neurasthenia. Hericium erinaceus is tender, odoriferous and delicious. It is also known as the four famous dishes of bear's paw, bird's nest, and shark's fin. It is known as the “herder monkey head and seafood shark's finâ€. In life, there are many friends who like to eat Hericium erinaceus, but some of my friends will find that sometimes the boiled Hericium erinaceus will have a little bitter taste, which will affect the taste. Is that Hericium bitter and toxic? How does Hericium go to bitterness?
Is Hericium bitter and toxic?
In general, Hericium erinaceus has no toxicity depending on the circumstances.
The roots of Hericium erinaceus and the red-brown fruiting bodies are bitter, but the bitter components are not toxic and are edible. They only affect the taste of the food. Of course, if the hericium rots and spoils, it will have a bitter taste. Such monkeys Head mushroom is not suitable for consumption to avoid poisoning.
Mushrooms are processed to remove moisture directly from the whole mushroom and retain the roots of the mushroom. The root of the mushroom contains more bittersin, which needs to be removed during the foaming and cleaning process. If the roots are not removed, cook directly. The soup will have a bitter taste when consumed.
How does Hericium go to bitterness?
Cut off the root
The root of the fresh Hericium is an important cause of the bitterness of Hericium erinaceus, so be sure to cut off the roots before processing Hericium erinaceus, otherwise the cooked mushroom Hericium will have a bitter taste.
Tips: If it is the case of Hericium erinaceus, which is a red fruiting body, it is best not to eat, because this type of Hericium mushroom also has a bitter taste, and when cooking is not good to remove bitterness, only a slight reduction can be achieved. bitterness.
Cold water soaking
Hericium is washed two or three times with water and flooded. Change the water in half an hour (totally two times), wait another two hours and then change it (twice), change the water four times to six times, and soak up the water for at least 5 hours. It can be overnight, but if it is soaked for a long time It is best to put in cold storage.
Change the water process: First squeeze the water from the Hericium erinaceus and squeeze it out. The center of the mushroom is still hard. Just squeeze out the flower part. After soaking for more than one hour, the mushroom should have been softened. The water is squeezed out and washed again and squeezed twice before adding fresh water to soak.
Tips: Soda water also has a good scavenging effect on the bitterness of Hericium erinaceus. After soaking it with a clear water bubble, it can be soaked with a suitable amount of soda, and then cleaned to remove bitterness. If no soda water is available, it can be used. Taomi Shui instead, the effect is worse than soda, need to soak 2 or 3 times.
Alkaline water to bitterness
Alkaline water is often used in daily life to remove odors, and it also has a good removal effect on the bitter taste of Hericium erinaceus. If the quality of Hericium erinaceus is not high, the fruiting body has a little red, and the mushroom body of this kind of Hericium erinaceus It also contains bitter components, which can be soaked with a suitable amount of soda water after being opened with a clear water bubble, and then cleaned to remove the bitterness. If there is no soda water, Taomi water can be used instead. The effect is worse than that of soda water. Soak 2 or 3 times.
Vinegar water to bitterness
The acetic acid contained in vinegar can be incorporated into water, and it is also weakly acidic. It can react chemically with the bitter components of Hericium erinaceus. When immersing Hericium erinaceus with water, it can add some vinegar in an appropriate amount to help remove bitterness. Vinegar can also be added during cooking to not only help remove bitterness, but also promote the release of calcium from other bone-like foods and increase the nutritional value of food.
1.The common serum tube red cap collection vessel contains no additives, no anticoagulant and procoagulant components, only vacuum. Used for routine serum biochemistry, blood bank, and serological-related tests, a variety of biochemical and immunological tests, such as syphilis, hepatitis B quantification, etc., do not need to shake after drawing blood. The sample preparation type was serum. After blood was drawn, it was placed in a water bath at 37℃ for more than 30min, centrifuged, and the upper layer of serum was used for reserve.
2. There is a procoagulant in the orange head of the rapid serum tube to accelerate the coagulation process. The rapid serum tube can coagulate the collected blood within 5 minutes, which is suitable for emergency serum series tests. It is the most commonly used coagulant test tube in daily biochemistry, immunity, serum, and hormone. After blood is drawn, it can be mixed reversely 5-8 times and can be placed in a 37℃ water bath for 10-20min when the room temperature is low, and the upper serum can be centrifuged for use.
3. Inert separation glue and coagulant are added to the yellow head cap blood collection tube of inert separation glue. The specimens remained stable for 48 hours after centrifugation. The procoagulant can quickly activate the coagulation mechanism and accelerate the coagulation process. The type of serum preparation is suitable for emergency serum biochemical and pharmacokinetics tests. After collection, the mixture was reversed 5-8 times and stood upright for 20-30min before the supernatant was centrifuged and used.
4. The sodium citrate concentration required by the citrate erythrocyte sedimentation test tube with black cap is 3.2% (equivalent to 0.109mol/L), and the ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:4. Containing 3.8% sodium citrate 0.4mL, the blood was drawn to 2.0ml, which was a special test tube for erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The sample type was plasma, which was suitable for erythrocyte sedimentation. The blood was reversed and mixed 5-8 times immediately after the blood was drawn. It should be shaken again when it is used. The difference between it and the test tube for coagulation factors is that the concentration of anticoagulant is different from the proportion of blood and cannot be confused.
5. Sodium citrate coagulation test tube light blue cap Sodium citrate plays an anticoagulant role mainly by chelating with calcium ions in blood samples. The National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards recommends an anticoagulant concentration of 3.2% or 3.8% (equivalent to 0.109 or 0.129mol per liter), with an anticoagulant to blood ratio of 1:9. The vacuum tubes contained 0.2mL of 3.2% sodium citrate anticoagulant, and the blood was collected to 2.0ml. The sample preparation type was whole blood or plasma. After collection, the samples were immediately reversed and mixed 5-8 times, and the upper plasma was taken after centrifugation for use.
6. Heparin is added to the green head of the heparin anticoagulant tube. Heparin has a direct antithrombin effect and can prolong the coagulation time of the specimen. It is used in emergency and most biochemical tests, such as liver function, renal function, blood lipids, and blood glucose. It is suitable for erythrocyte fragility tests, blood gas analyses, hematocrit tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and common biochemical tests. It is not suitable for hemagglutination tests. Excessive amounts of heparin cause aggregation of leukocytes and cannot be used for leukocyte counting. Because it can make the background of the blood stain pale blue, it is also not suitable for leukocyte classification. It can be used for hemorheological use, the sample type is plasma, and immediately after blood collection, it is reversed and mixed 5-8 times, and the upper plasma is taken for use.
7. The light green head of the plasma separation tube is added with heparin lithium anticoagulant in the inert separation rubber tube, which can achieve the purpose of rapid separation of plasma. It is the choice of electrolyte detection, and can also be used for routine plasma biochemical determination and ICU and other emergency plasma biochemical detection. It is used in emergency and most biochemical tests, such as liver function, renal function, blood lipids, and blood glucose. Plasma samples can be directly loaded on the machine and remain stable for 48 hours in refrigerated storage. It can be used for hemorheological use, the sample type is plasma, and immediately after blood collection, it is reversed and mixed 5-8 times, and the upper plasma is taken for use.
8. Potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride grey cap sodium fluoride is a kind of weak anticoagulant, usually with potassium oxalate or sodium ethylate combined use, the proportion of sodium fluoride 1 part, potassium oxalate 3 parts. "This mixture, 4mg, does not coagulate 1ml of blood for 23 days and inhibits glycogenolysis, is not useful for urease determination of urea, nor for alkaline phosphatase and amylase determination, and is recommended for blood glucose determination." It contains sodium fluoride or potassium oxalate or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA-Na) spray, which can inhibit the activity of enolase in glucose metabolism. After blood is drawn, it is mixed reversely 5-8 times, and after centrifugation, the supernatant plasma is taken for use. It is a special tube for the rapid determination of blood glucose.
9. EDTA anticoagulant tube purple cap ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, molecular weight 292) and its salt is an amino polycarboxylic acid, suitable for general hematology test, is the first choice for blood routine, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood group test tube. It is not suitable for coagulation tests and platelet function tests. It is also not suitable for the determination of calcium, potassium, sodium, iron, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, and leucine aminopeptidase. 100ml of the 2.7%EDTA-K2 solution was sprayed on the inner wall of the vacuum tube, blown dry at 45 ° C, and blood was collected to 2mI. Immediately after blood was drawn, the mixture was reversed and mixed 5-8 times before use. The sample type was whole blood, which should be mixed during clinical use.
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