Speaking of purple tomatoes, I believe many people think that this is a genetically modified variety. In fact, purple tomatoes are not genetically modified varieties, but are a new generation of hybrid color varieties with characteristics such as good taste, high yield, and strong disease resistance, and have a high cultivation value. So how do purple tomatoes grow? The main points of cultivation and management of purple tomatoes are described below.
I. Purple tomato cultivation and management
The fruits of purple tomatoes ripen successively, so they must be harvested in batches at the time of maturity. The adaptability of purple tomatoes is very strong and can be cultivated in the open and protected areas in the north and south of China. If it is cultivated in open field in Beijing, it is recommended to plant seedlings in the middle and late February and harvest in late June. The spring sheds will be planted in late December and early February, and harvested in late May. Autumn greenhouses or greenhouses will be planted in July. 10 The harvest will begin in the middle and later of the month. In the process of cultivation and management, in addition to ensuring adequate supply of water and fertilizer, it is necessary to timely adjust the plants, scaffolding, vines, generally using a single pole pruning, retaining only the main shaft, and the removal time of the axillary buds are also different.
Second, purple tomato planting techniques
1. Climatic conditions: Can be planted all over the country, but the temperature is stable between 12-35 °C, suitable for open field planting, shade above 35 °C; below 10 °C need greenhouse planting.
2. Soil preparation: The transplanted cultivated land should be turned 25-30 cm deep. Adding basic fertilizer: Generally, 2000 kg of compound fertilizer per acre and 10 kg of super compound fertilizer and 10 kg of superphosphate can be added. Each acre can also be used as a base fertilizer to add 10 kg of fully cooked fermented vegetable cake.
3. Implantation of land: The day before planting, the seedbeds should be poured into bottom water, and the next day they should be cut and hoeed to dig the drains and reduce the accumulation of water. Should pay attention to the time of colonization and after planting and set fruit, avoid pouring large soak.
4. Planting seedlings: After seedling height 10-25 cm, 5-7 true leaves or seedling age 50 days, choose windless sunny and timely planting, planting before the rain is best. After planting, you must pour enough water at a time in order to bridge the roots.
5. Density of planting: Generally, 2000 plants will be planted per acre. The variety is suitable for the north-south direction. It is recommended that the width be 1 meter wide, 2 rows planted, 35 cm spacing.
6. Planting depth: When planting seedlings, do not plant too deep or too shallow (3 to 4 cm of soil is appropriate). Planting can be carried out at a 45-degree angle with the tip of the stem slightly inclined toward the south to reduce the height of the seedlings on the ground and to promote adventitious roots to prevent lodging.
7. Plug rack vines: adjust vegetative growth and reproductive growth, promote pods, fruit and wang. The scaffolding uses multiple racks, four-corner racks and nylon ropes. In general, the first layer of inflorescence needs to be tied with vines. It should be tight and moderate, leaving room for stem growth.
8. Pruning: Pruning grows the whole stem and leaves the main stem. In the first inflorescence, only 1 or 2 branches are used for burrowing. Care should be taken to avoid pruning before it rains, when it rains, or when the dew is dry. Sunny from 10am to 3pm. In the later stage of growth, the old leaves, diseased leaves, and diseased fruits must be removed to facilitate ventilation and reduce the risk of pests and diseases.
9. Top dressing irrigation: In the fruit setting period, the plants need enough nutrients and water, and the thin fertilizer application should be combined with irrigation to meet the needs of rapid growth and development of plants and fruits. It should be noted that organic fertilizers should be used to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, increase the thickness of the peel, increase the color of the fruit, ensure the quality, control the watering during the ripe period, and prevent fruit cracking.
10. Flower protection and fruit protection: Pollination during flowering period and use of fruit cultivars. Concentration control at 10 mg/kg flowering period. Control of irrigation and foliar spraying. The management of fertilizer and water during fruit ripening should be uniform in order to prevent cracking. The lateral branches are very easy to occur between leaves and leaves, and must be trimmed regularly and timely. In the early stage, the axillary buds can be removed to a length of 10-15 cm, and the axillary buds in the middle and later stages should be removed within 3 cm.
11. Yield per plant: Under the normal conditions of temperature control and field management, the fruit can be harvested continuously for 4-8 months. The yield per plant is generally 3-5 kg. When the management is good, the yield per plant can reach more than 10 kg.
12. Fruit harvest: The open field can be gradually harvested after 60 days of planting. Storage or long-distance transportation is best harvested during the conversion period or semi-mature period. Fresh fruit market is best harvested at the ripening stage. Early timely harvesting can increase the yield and output value of the early stage, and it is conducive to the growth and development of fruit spikes on the upper part of the plant.
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