Release date: 2015-09-16
In the latest study, scientists at Harvard University in the United States used stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy to observe the mechanism of DNA molecular dynamics during the division of living skin cancer cells without fluorescent labeling. The new technology is a non-marking technique that does not stain, and can understand the degree of cell carcinogenesis without interfering with the normal course of the cell. The DNA detection technology in the existing methods requires fluorescent labeling, and the pathological diagnosis also stains the biopsy tissue, and these methods may change the original environment of the cells. Stimulated Raman scattering enables rapid acquisition of sample data in real-time in live cell studies and the observed vibrational frequency of chemical bonds. By observing the vibrational interval of intracellular carbon-hydrogen bonds and linearly decomposing the images, intracellular DNA, proteins and lipids and their distribution, as well as cell division processes can be observed.
Researchers published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reported that they used stimulated Raman scattering to observe the whole process of cell division in HeLa cells. In the early stages of mitosis, they constructed three-dimensional DNA, lipids, and protein distributions; during the mitotic phase, the chromatin structure of the nucleus was identified. Delayed stimulated Raman scattering also observed changes in the mid- to late-stage transition of cell division.
The researchers conducted a living study on the skin of mice that used phthalic acid (TPA, which promotes cell division). In addition to the same observation of each stage of the above cell cycle, they also observed the migration of chromosomes in cancer cells, and found that the mitotic activity of the cells was as high as 18 hours and decreased after 24 hours. This is the first time that cell mitotic rates are recorded in vivo in a quantitative manner.
They also tested the feasibility of this technique in diagnosing human tumors. The skin cancer tissue of three squamous cell carcinoma patients was used as a sample. They found that the mitosis of cancerous cells is increasing, thereby increasing cell division and cell proliferation. This suggests that the new method can be compared to traditional staining pathology. In addition, the new technology allows researchers to quantify the mitotic dynamics of tumor cells. The researchers said the technique can be used to calculate the rate of mitosis in the body and contribute to the diagnosis of skin cancer.
The researchers said that the technology provides high-resolution images of cells and nuclei in the natural environment, and has a good application prospect for the diagnosis of non-invasive skin cancer and rapid assessment of cancer cells.
Source: Technology Daily
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