2. Reasonably deep plowing. Deep plowing can deepen the living soil layer, increase water permeability, increase water storage capacity, and can promote root barrows and expand the absorption range of the roots and increase the utilization rate of water and fertilizer. According to statistics, the soil bulk density decreased by 0.1 to 0.2 g/cm3 after deep plowing, the total porosity increased by 3% to 8%, the non-capillary porosity increased by 4% to 8%, and the field water holding capacity increased by 3% to 4%.
3. Increase the use of organic fertilizers, improve the soil, fertility and fertility, improve soil water storage capacity.
4. Promote techniques for ground cover (such as mulching, grass mulching, and covering crop stalks) to reduce evaporation from the field.
5. Promote new irrigation technologies. (1) Guan irrigation. The use of low-pressure pipeline water irrigation has the characteristics of flexible irrigation, even watering, and less impact from land unevenness. It can also be used for short-term irrigation, narrow-width irrigation, and narrow irrigation. Generally, the amount of water per irrigation can be reduced compared with that of rill and furrow irrigation. %-30%. (2) Sprinkler irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation is the flow of water through the pipes, sprinklers and other mechanical equipment, the pressurized water jetted into the air, scattered into small droplets landed on the ground to achieve the purpose of recharging the soil moisture. Sprinkler irrigation can adjust the irrigation quota at any time according to the characteristics of water requirement in different growth stages of fruit trees, so that the soil moisture is always kept within the range suitable for the growth of fruit trees, and no surface runoff and underground leakage occurs. Generally, the channel water supply method can save water by about 50%. . (3) Drip irrigation. Drip irrigation is to transfer the source water through the pipeline system to the final pipeline (capillary), and then evenly and slowly drops the water into the soil near the fruit trees through the emitters such as drippers on the capillary. Generally, it can save more than 50% of water compared to surface irrigation. Compared with sprinkler irrigation, saving 15%-20%, saving more than 30%.
6. Improve irrigation methods. (1) Big stream sinks. When the amount of water is small, in order to reduce channel leakage and speed up the flow of water, the method of mass well confluence can be adopted to send water to a channel to increase the scope of irrigation and improve the efficiency of irrigation. (2) watering the head. That is, when the water is poured to 70% to 80% of the length, it will be poured into another pot. This will not only prevent the accumulation of stagnant water and water loss, but also save about 20% of the water.
7. Pouring the key water. Fruit trees have different susceptibility to water shortage at different growth stages. Plant physiology refers to the period of the plant that is most sensitive to water shortage and has the greatest impact on the yield. This is called the "critical period of moisture." The critical period of moisture in fruit trees is the initial stage of flowering and fruit growth. In production, with adequate water supply and good irrigation conditions, the water requirement of the fruit trees should be satisfied in time to promote the robust growth of the plants. When the water supply is insufficient, the critical period of fruit trees needs to be ensured to maintain their normal growth and development.
8. Reasonable use of chemical water-retaining agent and drought-resistant agent.
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