1. Breeding of boars (1) Nutritional level
Satisfying the normal physiological requirements of various boar nutrients is the material basis for breeding boars. High and low nutrient levels can make the boar obese and thin and affect breeding. The diet of breeding boars should not only pay attention to the amount of protein, but also pay attention to the quality of the protein. If there is a lack of protein in the diet and the amino acid is imbalanced, it will have an adverse effect on the quality of the semen. If the diet containing too much protein is fed for a long period of time, sperm viability, density, and deformed spermatozoa will also be reduced. The lack of calcium or phosphorus in the diet of male boar or imbalance in the proportion of semen will significantly reduce the quality of semen, resulting in dead sperm, hypoplasia or weak sperm. Vitamins A, D, and E also have a great influence on the quality of semen. In the absence of such vitamins, boar sexual reflexes are reduced and semen quality is reduced. Such as a serious lack of long-term, will make the testicles swollen or dry shrink loss of reproductive ability.
(2) Feeding methods
1 “Consistently Enhanced†Feeding Methods In well-balanced pig farms, breeding boars are responsible for mating for many years. Therefore, the high level of nutrients needed for breeding boars must be maintained in a balanced manner throughout the year.
2 The "seasonally-enhanced" rearing method adopts seasonally litter areas and pig farms. One month before the start of the mating season, the boars gradually increase their nutrition and maintain a high level of nutrition during the mating season. After the mating season, gradually reduce the nutritional level, but need to provide boars to maintain the nutritional needs of the body condition.
(3) Feeding technology The boar diet should be based on concentrates, and the volume should not be too large, so as not to feed the boars into the grass and affect breeding. Feeding boars should be weighed regularly, 2.5 kg daily, 2 times a day, free drinking water, and increase or decrease the amount according to the variety, weight, and breeding (collection) times.
2. Management of boars
(1) Single-column breeding boars are generally reared in a single column. The single-column breeding boar quiet, reduce external disturbances, normal appetite, eliminate the habit of climbing other boars and becoming masturbating.
(2) Appropriate exercise and reasonable exercise can promote appetite, help digestion, enhance physical fitness, and increase reproductive function. The boars exercise no less than 1,000 meters a day, usually in the morning and evening, and in the winter at noon. Insufficient exercise can seriously affect the breeding ability.
(3) Brushing, hoofing often brushing the pig body can keep the skin clean, promote blood circulation, reduce skin diseases and parasitic diseases, and can also make the boar gentle listen to discipline. The hooves of the boars must be regularly repaired to avoid scratching the sows during mating.
(4) cold and heatstroke winter cold insulation, can reduce the consumption of feed and disease; summer to prevent heatstroke, high temperature is particularly serious, light appetite decreased, reduced sexual desire, severe semen quality decreased, and even heat stroke death. There are many measures for heatstroke prevention, such as ventilation, watering, bathing, and shading, which can be carried out according to local conditions.
(5) Semen inspection The boars of artificial insemination should check the quality of semen every time sperm is collected, and the quality of semen should be checked once or twice a month for the breeding boars. Depending on the quality of the semen, adjusting the frequency of nutrition, exercise, and breeding is one of the important measures to ensure the robustness of the boar and increase the conception rate.
3. Utilization of boars
The breeding ability of boars, the quality of semen quality, and the length of their useful life are not only related to feeding and management, but also to the age and intensity of use. The intensity of use should be rationally arranged according to age and physical fitness. If it is used excessively, physical weakness will occur, and breeding ability will be reduced and the useful life will be shortened. On the contrary, if it is used too little, it will lead to obesity and affect breeding. Appropriate use of strength: At the time of delivery, young boars are bred once every two days, and adult boars are bred once a day for two days and rest for one day. When artificial insemination, young boars are collected 1-2 times a week, and adult boars are collected 2-3 times a week.
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