The application principle of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can not be reversed. First, organic fertilizer is the main factor, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, in order to make vegetables high quality and high yield. Second, organic fertilizer must be decomposed, unfertilized organic fertilizer such as chicken manure, with salt and pests, such as sodium chloride, Phytophthora, nematode eggs. Application of unfermented organic fertilizer easily contaminates the soil and affects crop growth. Third, the application of chemical fertilizers should be avoided. It should be formulated according to the proportion of different shed vegetables.
The application of phosphorus and potassium can not reverse the nitrogen element is the key to the formation of vegetable plants, phosphorus and potassium are the main elements affecting the sitting melon (fruit). Among the vegetable yield forming factors, the ratio of phosphorus to potassium is generally 1:2 to 3. In the process of fertilization, one should pay more attention to the application of potassium fertilizer, and rationally apply nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, which is especially important after sitting on the melon (fruit); second, avoid partial application of diammonium phosphate; third, rationally apply biological fertilizer to regulate nutrient supply. .
The order of ostomy watering and transplanting and planting can not be reversed. The order of vegetable farmers in watering and cultivating and transplanting of seedlings is reversed, resulting in dead seedlings. For example, many vegetable farmers first sprinkle organic fertilizer in the greenhouse, then apply fertilizer, then plow, flatten the ridge to plant the seedlings, and then water.
This easily makes the roots of the seedlings lose water, which is easy to cause burnt roots or ammonia poisoning. If water is first watered, the fertilizer will not easily burn roots and gas after it has been dissolved and diluted by water. Therefore, it is recommended to first water the sputum, then plant the seedlings, and then use the amino acid, humic acid fertilizer solution to fill the roots, pay attention to 7 to 10 days of irrigation, and even irrigation 3 to 4 times.
Prevention and control of pests and diseases, the order of nutrition regulation and watering can not be reversed. If watering is in front, and the prevention of pests and diseases and nutrient regulation, on the one hand, vegetative overgrowth, lack of reproductive growth, light internodes, thin leaves, stems The stalk is fine, and the heavy one falls and the fruit falls. On the other hand, the humidity in the shed after watering is increased, which inevitably accelerates the growth of pathogens such as Phytophthora, Pythium, Downy Mildew, and the disease is aggravated. Therefore, it is recommended to first use drugs to prevent pests and diseases, use inhibitors to regulate growth, and then water and fertilize.
Ditch fertilization in summer high temperature should not be used with water. Because of the higher temperature, when the fertilizer is applied, a large amount of ammonia vapor will reduce the fertilizer efficiency. In particular, ammonium bicarbonate is more likely to cause ammonia poisoning in eggplant. It is best to use ditching or burrowing. The thickness of the buried soil after top dressing should be no less than 5 cm to reduce the volatilization of the active ingredients of the fertilizer.
Reasonable matching with eggplant Although the demand for nitrogen fertilizer is the largest, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are also indispensable. In the top dressing, it is not possible to apply nitrogen fertilizer every time. In the fruiting period, it is best to apply two ternary compound fertilizers, each time no less than 40 kg per mu, to meet the needs of eggplant growth and results.
Note that the amount of eggplant requires the largest amount of nitrogen, but in the hot season, it is necessary to "eat less meals." Urea should be controlled within 30 kg per mu. The amount of ammonium bicarbonate applied per mu per mu is preferably not more than 40 kg. If the amount of fertilizer applied is too large, it will cause nutrient loss and cause ammonia damage to eggplant leaves and fruits.
Applying the 7-leaf stage of jointing summer maize is the optimum period for applying jointed fertilizer. At this time, the corn leaves are fully expanded, the stems are rapidly elongated, and the amount of fertilizer needed is large. Generally, the soil is in the 9-leaf stage of the whole leaf. Nutrients are difficult to meet the growth needs of corn. At this time, we should grasp the corn in the 7-9 leaf stage before and after the jointing, and apply the late application, less application, the early application and re-application of the thin and weak seedlings, generally 15-20 kg of ammonium per acre, decomposed. Human and animal manure is 500-750 kg.
The water-producing booting stage is the period with the most water demand. The water requirement for the growth of corn plants in this period accounts for 27% to 38% of the total water requirement during the whole growth period. The soil moisture in this period should be maintained at 70%-75% of the field water holding capacity. To adjust the water to meet the fertilizer and water needs of corn growth and development.
Re-application of panicle fertilizer and panicle fertilizer can not only improve the photosynthesis efficiency, but also promote the growth of the panicle leaves and the upper and lower leaves, and prolong the life of the leaves and promote the fullness of the seeds. The application time of panicle fertilizer is related to corn variety and soil fertility. In general, the early maturing varieties should be applied when the visible leaves are 15 to 16 pieces or the unfolded leaves are 8 to 10 pieces, and the mid-late and late-maturing varieties are preferably applied when the visible leaves are 15 to 17 pieces or the unfolded leaves are 11 to 12 pieces.
For plots with sufficient base fertilizer and strong growth, it is advisable to apply the panicle fertilizer slowly. It is advisable to start planting a small number of plants in the whole field; the growth potential of lean soil with insufficient base fertilizer is poor, and the ear fertilizer should be applied early. Spike fertilizer should use quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. Generally, 25-35 kg of ammonium bicarbonate is applied per acre of acupoints. If urea is used, 7.5-10 kg per mu can be applied.
After foliar spray application, the resistance of grape leaves is strong, and the concentration of foliar fertilizer can be increased appropriately. Foliar application is carried out with 0.5% urea and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Immediately after topdressing and picking fruit, it is necessary to immediately apply a quick-acting fertilizer. For late-maturing varieties, it should be applied before harvesting, and apply 20 kg of potassium sulfate ternary compound fertilizer or fruit tree special fertilizer per mu.
Applying the base fertilizer to the grape before harvesting to the defoliation before applying the base fertilizer effect, using the root system in the active period to supplement the fertilizer, not only can restore the damaged root system to restore growth, but also can play a positive role in the tree nutrient accumulation in that year.
3,000 kg of high-quality soil and fertilizer, 15 kg of pure nitrogen, 15 kg of pure phosphorus, 25 kg of pure potassium, 25 kg of biological calcium fertilizer, 2 kg of zinc sulfate, 2 kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 kg of borax, 60% of nitrogen 50% of potassium is left as top dressing, and the rest of the fertilizer is applied to the fertilization ditch 30 cm deep and 40 cm wide.
Whether it is to apply quick-acting fertilizer or autumn-based fertilizer, it is necessary to timely water, soil the soil, promote the rapid decomposition of fertilizer, restore the tree potential, accumulate nutrients, and provide sufficient nutrition for the second year of grape growth, flowering and fruiting.
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